Investigating the role of melanin in UVA/UVB- and hydrogen peroxide-induced cellular and mitochondrial ROS production and mitochondrial DNA damage in human melanoma cells

Swalwell, Helen; Latimer, Jennifer; Haywood, Rachel; Birch‐Machin, Mark A.

doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.11.019

Cited by 130 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Excess DOPAquinone forms DOPAchrome, which gradually results in the accumulation of black and brownish pigments, eumelanin and pheomelanin. UV radiation induces the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the skin, which also contribute to melanin synthesis and DNA damage, as well as initiating the development of skin diseases (Baumann, 2007;Swalwell et al, 2012). Both tyrosinase inhibitors and antioxidants might suppress melanogenesis in the skin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitory effect of liposome-encapsulated anthocyanin on melanogenesis in human melanocytes

Hwang

Kuo

Lin

et al. 2013

Pharmaceutical Biology

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Context: Melanin plays an important role in preventing ultraviolet (UV) light-induced skin damage. Overexposure to UV radiation can lead to the formation of free radicals and trigger inflammation and hyperpigmentation of the skin. Anthocyanin can combat excessive free radicals in the body and can reduce the occurrence of inflammation. However, anthocyanin molecules are unstable and highly susceptible to degradation. Objective: The present study aims to elucidate the effects of liposome-capsulated anthocyanin (LCA) from Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn. on melanogenesis in human A375 melanocytes. Materials and methods: The effects of LCA with various doses (5-50 mg/mL) on cell viability, melanin content, tyrosinase activity, expression of the tyrosinase and microphthalmiaassociated transcription factor (MITF) were measured. Results: Anthocyanin exhibits scavenging activity on DPPH radical with the inhibitory rate of 11 and 24% at 20 and 50 mg/mL concentration treatment, respectively, and inhibitory effects on melanin production by 8, 14, 23 and 30% at 5, 10, 20 and 50 mg/mL concentration treatment, respectively. However, LCA has enhanced DPPH scavenging activity (64 and 76% at 20 and 50 mg/mL concentration treatment, respectively) and inhibitory effects against melanin synthesis (23, 35, 43 and 60% at 5, 10, 20 and 50 mg/mL concentration treatment, respectively). Moreover, anthocyanin-inhibited melanin synthesis occurs through the inhibition of tyrosinase enzymatic activity and suppression of the protein expression of tyrosinase and MITF. Discussion and conclusion: Liposome encapsulation increases the stabilization of anthocyanin and the inhibition of melanogenesis. Our findings indicate that LCA may be suitable as a photoprotective agent for the skin.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitory effect of liposome-encapsulated anthocyanin on melanogenesis in human melanocytes

Hwang

Kuo

Lin

et al. 2013

Pharmaceutical Biology

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“…The sun's ultraviolet ray-driven ROS production in skin cells results in changes in skin structural integrity, signal transduction, gene expression, and even tumorigenic initiation and progression. 9,10 The use of antioxidative agents in skin cosmetics could provide positive effects on skin condition. Thus, there is a potential probability that PtNPs will be commonly used in cosmetics in the future.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects triggered by platinum nanoparticles on primary keratinocytes

Konieczny

Goralczyk²,

Szmyd³

et al. 2013

IJN

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“…Melanin absorbs UV light and protects the skin from the damaging effects of UV light and UV-generated free radicals. 1) Despite the beneficial role of melanin in the skin, excessive production and accumulation of melanin results in several skin disorders, including acquired hyperpigmentation syndromes such as melasma, age spots and freckles, among others. 2) Tyrosinase, a potential melanogenic protein, is the rate-limiting enzyme in melanogenesis.…”

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confidence: 99%

Coumestrol Down-Regulates Melanin Production in Melan-a Murine Melanocytes through Degradation of Tyrosinase

Hwang

Park

et al. 2017

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Pigmentation reflects skin darkening caused by melanin production, but excessive melanin synthesis may cause problems, such as melasma, solar lentigo, dark spots, and freckles. Considerable effort has been devoted to alleviating these undesired symptoms through the development of safe and effective depigmenting agents. Coumestrol, a plant-derived natural isoflavone with an estrogen-like structure and actions, is known to have anti-aging ability, but its potential depigmenting efficacy has not been evaluated. In the present study, we investigated the effects of coumestrol on melanin synthesis in normal melan-a murine melanocytes. Coumestrol significantly reduced melanin synthesis in a concentration-dependent manner up to a concentration of 25 µM without causing cytotoxicity. It also brightened tissue in an artificial skin model (MelanoDerm) that incorporates both human keratinocytes and melanocytes. Interestingly, although coumestrol did not inhibit tyrosinase activity or transcript level in melan-a cells, it clearly decreased the expression level of tyrosinase protein at a concentration of 25 µM. This coumestrol-induced reduction in tyrosinase protein levels was prevented by pretreatment with the proteasome inhibitor MG-132 or the lysosomal proteolysis inhibitor chloroquine. Collectively, our findings indicate that coumestrol exerts an inhibitory effect on melanin synthesis in melan-a cells, at least in part, through degradation of tyrosinase. These findings suggest that coumestrol is a good candidate for use in depigmentary reagents from a cosmetic and clinical perspective.

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Investigating the role of melanin in UVA/UVB- and hydrogen peroxide-induced cellular and mitochondrial ROS production and mitochondrial DNA damage in human melanoma cells

Cited by 130 publications

References 65 publications

Inhibitory effect of liposome-encapsulated anthocyanin on melanogenesis in human melanocytes

Inhibitory effect of liposome-encapsulated anthocyanin on melanogenesis in human melanocytes

Effects triggered by platinum nanoparticles on primary keratinocytes

Coumestrol Down-Regulates Melanin Production in Melan-a Murine Melanocytes through Degradation of Tyrosinase

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