Investigation of the Antioxidant Capacity, Insecticidal Ability and Oxidation Stability of Chenopodium formosanum Seed Extract

Abstract

To maximize the extraction of antioxidants from Chenopodium formosanum seeds, the process factors, such as the ethanol concentration (0–100%), extraction time (30–180 min) and temperature (30–70 °C), for the extraction of the bioactive contents as well as the antioxidant capacity are evaluated using response surface methodology (RSM). The experimental results fit well with quadratic models. The extract was identified by GC/MS, and it was found that some active compounds had antioxidant, repellency and insecticidal activities. Various concentrations of the extract were prepared for the evaluation of the insecticidal activity against Tribolium castaneum, and the toxicity test results indicated that the extract was toxic to Tribolium castaneum, with an LC50 value of 354.61 ppm. The oxidative stability of the olive oil determined according to the radical scavenging activity and p-anisidine test demonstrates that the extract obtained from the Chenopodium formosanum seeds can retard lipid oxidation.

Effects of Different Chenopodium formosanum Parts on Antioxidant Capacity and Optimal Extraction Analysis by Taguchi Method

“…This result was relatively poor compared with seed and leaf, and exhibited almost no scavenging ability. The DPPH radical scavenging ability of seeds and leaves were much higher than the report of previous research of seeds such as 65.68 [ 19 ] and 47.88% [ 18 ]. The DPPH value of leaves was a little lower than seeds but much higher than stems and roots, and showed the second best DPPH radical scavenging ability other than seeds.…”

“…However, when CF is harvested, the farmers usually only harvest the economically valuable CF seeds, and the remaining roots, stems, and leaves are burned as agricultural waste, which is quite wasteful. From the literature [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ], it is found that many researches have focused on the efficiency of the CF seeds. To our best knowledge, there are few reports about functional analysis on leaves of CF [ 22 , 23 ].…”

Health functional properties of unhulled red djulis (Chenopodium formosanum) in anti-aging

“…Previous studies have shown that unhulled red djulis contains numerous antioxidant compounds and may be used to develop functional foods. [10,34] The amount of total flavones and total phenol of the unhulled red djulis groups was higher than those of the hulled red djulis (Table 2). In order to explore more clearly the possible effective components, we used unhulled red djulis extracts for HPLC and NMR.…”

Anti Cutaneous Aging Effect of Red Djulis (<em>Chenopodium formosanum</em>) Extract on Gene Expression of Human Dermal Fibroblast

“…Furthermore, the maximum amount of total flavones and total phenol extract from red djulis was obtained from unhulled red djulis at 50°C for 30 minutes. A previous study revealed that the djulis hull contains numerous antioxidant compounds and could be used to develop functional foods [16,24]. Therefore, we decided to obtain extracts from unhulled red djulis at 50°C for 30 minutes for further experiments.…”