Pre-service teachers need to acquire information and communications technology (ICT) competency in order to integrate ICT into their teaching practices. This research was conducted to investigate to what extent ICT-related variables-such as perceived ICT competence, perceived competence in ICT integration, attitudes toward ICT, anxiety around ICT usage, external barriers to ICT integration, ICT-related courses, pedagogical knowledge, and prior experience concerning the use of ICT-predict the dependent variable "integration of ICT into teaching practices" for pre-service teachers. Data were gathered from 599 pre-service teachers from the subject areas of Turkish language, social sciences, elementary mathematics, and science in their fourth year of training programs. The study indicated that pedagogical knowledge, ICT-related courses, and perceived ICT competence significantly predicted integration of ICT into teaching practice. These three variables predicted and accounted for 17% of the integration of ICT into teaching practices. The findings of this study showed that pre-service teachertraining programs, especially pedagogical knowledge and ICT-related courses, have a significant effect in enabling pre-service teachers to use ICT in their teaching practices.
IntroductionTeachers facilitate student learning, creativity and innovation by using their knowledge of the subject matter, teaching and learning, and technology (ISTE, 2008). In this regard, information and communications technology (ICT) plays an important role in enabling teachers and students to teach and learn more effectively. The integration of ICT into education necessitates teachers to be competent in the use of ICT. In other words, teachers are required to have adequate ICT competencies to make use of ICT for education (Goktaş, Yildirim, & Yildirim, 2009). Thomas and Knezek (2008) point out that, teachers in both real and virtual schools and classrooms must be equipped with technology resources and skills to provide learning experiences effectively. These teachers will have the ability to develop innovative ways of using technology to enhance the learning environment, and to promote technology literacy, knowledge deepening, and knowledge creation (UNESCO, 2011a). The effective integration of ICT into education can be thought to enable effective citizens and workers to acquire functional and critical thinking skills such as information literacy, media literacy, and ICT literacy in the 21st century (Partnership, 2015). For that reason, one of the goals of the schools systems in many countries is to ensure that students