Ion-Irradiation-Induced Carbon Nanostructures in Optoelectronic Polymer Materials

Abstract

The recent results obtained on the ion-irradiation-induced carbon nanostructures in optoelectronic polymer materials exemplified by boron-ion-implanted polymethylmethacrylate " PMM" with an energy of keV, ion doses from . × to . × ions/ cm , and current density < μ"/cm are reviewed. The positron annihilation spectroscopy slow positron beam spectroscopy based on Doppler broadening of positron annihilation gamma rays as a function of incident positron energy and positron annihilation lifetime at a positron energy of . keV, and temperature-dependent positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy , optical UV-visible spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, electrical current voltage measurements, and nanoindentation test are chosen as the main experimental tools for the investigation of low-energy ion-induced processes in " PMM". The formation of carbon nanostructures is confirmed for the samples irradiated with higher ion fluences > ions/cm and the experimental results of the comprehensive study are found to be in a good agreement with SRIM stopping and range of ions in matter simulation results.

Transformation of Freestanding Carbon-Containing Gold Nanosheets into Au Nanoparticles Encapsulated within Amorphous Carbon: Implications for Surface Modification of Complex-Shaped Materials and Structures

“…The origin of the carbon-rich amorphous phase in the nanosheet is not completely clear yet at this moment. According to refs − , when a polymer is irradiated by high-energy particles, such as atoms and ions, the kinetic energy of the incoming particles and the resultant stress waves will be absorbed by the molecular chains of the polymer, which could result in the breakage of chemical bonds and the formation of amorphous carbon. On the other hand, according to the very recent work of Schwartzkopf et al ., sputter deposition of Au onto a polymer surface injects Au atoms into the polymer, which forms a gold-enriched subsurface layer.…”

Comparison of GO and polymer microcapacitors prepared by ion beam writing

“…10,12,14 Transparent polymers are advanced for flexible optic and electronic devices due to the huge possibility for modification of their surface properties. 1,15 The poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) is a hightransparency amorphous hydroscopic biocompatible thermoplastic polymer with excellent optical clarity and stability upon positron radiation, which can be converted by irradiation from an insulating to a conducting form. [16][17][18][19] PMMA is commonly used in industrial applications, especially in shatterproof windows, illuminated signs, optical and electronic components, and also in microstructures prepared by ion beams.…”

“…Transparent polymers are advanced for flexible optic and electronic devices due to the huge possibility for modification of their surface properties 1,15 . The poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) is a high‐transparency amorphous hydroscopic biocompatible thermoplastic polymer with excellent optical clarity and stability upon positron radiation, which can be converted by irradiation from an insulating to a conducting form 16–19 .…”