Ionic liquid-mediated sol–gel coatings for capillary microextraction

Automated direct-immersion solid-phase microextraction using crosslinked polymeric ionic liquid sorbent coatings for the determination of water pollutants by gas chromatography

“…Three different temperatures were tested: 30 Analytes with the lower sensitivities are represented on the right. Analytes non-detected were not represented in the figure.…”

“…Thus, the combination of PILs with MOFs supported onto stainless steel [25], with polyaniline (PANI) supported onto stainless steel [26] or platinum [27], with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) supported onto stainless steel [28] or onto fused silica [29], or with other polymers prepared via sol-gel processes and supported onto fused silica [30] has been described.…”

High-temperature solvent stability of sol–gel germania triblock polymer coatings in capillary microextraction on-line coupled to high-performance liquid chromatography

“…The chemical anchoring of sol-gel coatings to the fiber [1] or inner walls of the fused silica capillary [3] is responsible for their enhanced thermal and solvent stability [1]. Sol-gel CME coatings have been effectively coupled with GC [3,[5][6][7][8][9][10], capillary electrophoresis (CE) [11,12], inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry [13,14], and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. Sol-gel coated microextraction capillaries can easily be hyphenated on-line with HPLC [15][16][17][18][19][20][21], without the need to use complex desorption devices which are required to couple fiber SPME to HPLC [22].…”

Innovative chemically bonded ionic liquids-based sol–gel coatings as highly porous, stable and selective stationary phases for solid phase microextraction

“…Owing to the special molecular structure of an association between a cation and an anion moiety, ILs can be used as excellent solvent and pore templates to prepare various inorganic and organic-inorganic hybrid silica materials for analytical separations by the sol-gel method [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43]. Recently, Malik et al [44,45] reported the development of IL-mediated polar and nonpolar sol-gel PDMS, hydroxy-terminated poly(dimethyl-co-diphenylsiloxane) (PDMDPS), bis[(3-methyldimethoxysilyl)propyl] polypropylene oxide (BMPO), poly(ethylene glycol) and poly(tetrahydrofuran) coatings for capillary microextraction using phosphonium, pyridinium and imidazolium-based ILs as co-solvents and porogens. In this work, the developed capillaries were thermally conditioned above the decomposition temperatures of the ILs used and then rinsed with a mixture of CH 2 Cl 2 and CH 3 OH.…”

“…These unique properties of ILs merit their consideration both as "green" extraction solvents in sorptive microextraction techniques [7][8][9][10][11][12] and selective stationary phases in analytical separations, including gas chromatography (GC) [13][14][15][16][17], high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [18][19][20] and capillary electrochromatography columns [21,22]. Therefore, ILs have gained wide attention in analytical chemistry [23][24][25], especially in separation science [26].…”