Is copper beneficial for COVID-19 patients?

Raha, Syamal; Mallick, Rahul; Basak, Sanjay; Duttaroy, Asim K.

doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109814

Cited by 182 publications

(195 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Consistent with this evidence, it has been hypothesized that the optimal state of plasma copper levels can increase both innate and adaptive immunity, even exerting an effect as a preventive and therapeutic factor against COVID-19 [136]. Following these lines, a recent review identified copper as a candidate to study its effects in combination with other drugs, such as N-acetylcysteine, Colchicine, or Remdesivir, as strategic treatment for COVID-19 treatment [137].…”

Section: Coppermentioning

confidence: 94%

Current State of Evidence: Influence of Nutritional and Nutrigenetic Factors on Immunity in the COVID-19 Pandemic Framework

2020

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The pandemic caused by the new coronavirus has caused shock waves in many countries, producing a global health crisis worldwide. Lack of knowledge of the biological mechanisms of viruses, plus the absence of effective treatments against the disease (COVID-19) and/or vaccines have pulled factors that can compromise the proper functioning of the immune system to fight against infectious diseases into the spotlight. The optimal status of specific nutrients is considered crucial to keeping immune components within their normal activity, helping to avoid and overcome infections. Specifically, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) evaluated and deems six vitamins (D, A, C, Folate, B6, B12) and four minerals (zinc, iron, copper and selenium) to be essential for the normal functioning of the immune system, due to the scientific evidence collected so far. In this report, an update on the evidence of the contribution of nutritional factors as immune-enhancing aspects, factors that could reduce their bioavailability, and the role of the optimal status of these nutrients within the COVID-19 pandemic context was carried out. First, a non-systematic review of the current state of knowledge regarding the impact of an optimal nutritional status of these nutrients on the proper functioning of the immune system as well as their potential role in COVID-19 prevention/treatment was carried out by searching for available scientific evidence in PubMed and LitCovid databases. Second, a compilation from published sources and an analysis of nutritional data from 10 European countries was performed, and the relationship between country nutritional status and epidemiological COVID-19 data (available in the Worldometers database) was evaluated following an ecological study design. Furthermore, the potential effect of genetics was considered through the selection of genetic variants previously identified in Genome-Wide Association studies (GWAs) as influencing the nutritional status of these 10 considered nutrients. Therefore, access to genetic information in accessible databases (1000genomes, by Ensembl) of individuals from European populations enabled an approximation that countries might present a greater risk of suboptimal status of the nutrients studied. Results from the review approach show the importance of maintaining a correct nutritional status of these 10 nutrients analyzed for the health of the immune system, highlighting the importance of Vitamin D and iron in the context of COVID-19. Besides, the ecological study demonstrates that intake levels of relevant micronutrients—especially Vitamins D, C, B12, and iron—are inversely associated with higher COVID-19 incidence and/or mortality, particularly in populations genetically predisposed to show lower micronutrient status. In conclusion, nutrigenetic data provided by joint assessment of 10 essential nutrients for the functioning of the immune system and of the genetic factors that can limit their bioavailability can be a fundamental tool to help strengthen the immune system of individuals and prepare populations to fight against infectious diseases such as COVID-19.

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Section: Coppermentioning

confidence: 94%

Current State of Evidence: Influence of Nutritional and Nutrigenetic Factors on Immunity in the COVID-19 Pandemic Framework

2020

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“…It is an essential trace element in body and is needed for protecting DNA from oxidative stress [53] It has been reported that the human immune system response was weak when Cu is deficient. The level of serum copper in COVID-19 patients is unknown [59] Discussion A new widespread viral pneumonia is due to the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV2). There is not enough information about this virus and its disease.…”

Section: Coppermentioning

confidence: 98%

“…So zinc intake of high doses (> 150 mg/day) can result in Cu deficiency in healthy individuals. So people who are using zinc supplements regularly may be at risk of severing SARS-CoV-2 because of malabsorption of Cu from jejunum [59]. Also, high intake of copper may have some adverse effects including gastrointestinal symptoms (cramps, abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, and vomiting) and kidney and liver toxicity resulting to coma [58].…”

Section: Coppermentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on the Serum Electrolytes and Trace Elements Role in the Pathophysiology of COVID-19

Taheri

Bahrami

Habibi

et al. 2020

Biol Trace Elem Res

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All the world is involved in the COVID-19 disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Coronavirus is a positive-sense RNA and has an envelope. There is no specific drug for this disease and treatment methods are limited. Malnutrition and electrolyte imbalance can make dysfunction in the immune system and impairment of the immune system causes increasing the risk of infection. Understanding the aspects of biological features of the virus will help the development of diagnostic tests, pharmacological therapies, and vaccines. Here, we review and discuss increasing and decreasing some trace elements and imbalance of serum and plasma electrolytes involving in COVID-19.

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“…The increased proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α causes decreasing Cu levels in the lungs during lung infections (199). Raha et al (201) hypothesized that Cu supplementation could protect the high-risk COVID-19 patient populations with Cu deficiency from developing ARDS.…”

Section: Coppermentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Impact Potential of Supplemental Nutrients as Adjuncts of Therapy in High-Risk COVID-19 for Obese Patients

Şahin

Orhan

Uckun³

et al. 2020

Front. Nutr.

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The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) disease (COVID-19) in China at the end of 2019 caused a major global pandemic and continues to be an unresolved global health crisis. The supportive care interventions for reducing the severity of symptoms along with participation in clinical trials of investigational treatments are the mainstay of COVID-19 management because there is no effective standard therapy for COVID-19. The comorbidity of COVID-19 rises in obese patients. Micronutrients may boost the host immunity against viral infections, including COVID-19. In this review, we discuss the clinical impact potential of supplemental nutrients as adjuncts of therapy in high-risk COVID-19 for obese patients.

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Is copper beneficial for COVID-19 patients?

Cited by 182 publications

References 36 publications

Current State of Evidence: Influence of Nutritional and Nutrigenetic Factors on Immunity in the COVID-19 Pandemic Framework

Current State of Evidence: Influence of Nutritional and Nutrigenetic Factors on Immunity in the COVID-19 Pandemic Framework

A Review on the Serum Electrolytes and Trace Elements Role in the Pathophysiology of COVID-19

Clinical Impact Potential of Supplemental Nutrients as Adjuncts of Therapy in High-Risk COVID-19 for Obese Patients

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