Isolation and Antidiabetic Activity of New Lanostenoids From the Leaves of Psidium Guajava L.

Abstract

<p><strong>Objective: </strong><a href="http://www.webmd.com/diabetes/default.htm">Diabetes</a> mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease which affects our body's ability to use the energy found in food. Our study was planned to isolate chemical constituents from the leaves of <em>Psidium guajava</em> L. (Myrtaceae), to characterize their structures and to investigate their antidiabetic activity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The air-dried leaf powder was exhaustively extracted with methanol in a Soxhlet apparatus. The concentrated leaf extact was adsorbed on silica gel (60-120 mesh) for the preparation of a slurry. The dried slurry was chromatographed over silica gel column packed in petroleum ether. The column was eluted with petroleum ether, chloroform and methanol, successively, in order of increasing polarity to isolate the compounds. These natural constituents were tested for the antidiabetic activity in STZ-induced diabetic models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six new lanosterol-type triterpenoids characterized as lanost-7-en-3β-ol-26-oic acid (2), lanost-7-en-3β, 12β-diol-26-oic acid (3), lanost-7-en-3β, 12β, 29-triol-26-oic acid (4), lanost-cis-1,7,23-trien-3β, 12β, 18, 22α-tetraol-26-oic acid (5), lanosteryl-3β-O-D-xylopyranosyl-2′-<em>p</em>-benzaldehyde (7) and lanost-7-en-3β-ol-26-oic acid-3β-D-glucopyranoside (8) along with the known compounds arachidic acid (1) and β-sitosterol xylopyranoside (6) were isolated from the leaves. The compounds 2, 3, 4 and 8 exhibited significant antidiabetic activity against streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The leaves of <em>P. guajava </em>possessed antidiabetic lanostene-type triterpenoids<em>.</em></p>

An Integrated In Silico and In Vitro Assays of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 and α-Glucosidase Inhibition by Stellasterol from Ganoderma australe

“…The administration of 50 mg/kg of these isolate compounds for 1 week in diabetic rats model showed blood glucose levels of 142.50, 154.50, 165.67, and 172.17 mg/dL, respectively. However, the normal control rat and the diabetic control rat showed 87.66 and 327.33 mg/dL blood glucose levels after 1 week [35]. Several terpenoid compounds have been tested as α-glucosidase inhibitors, including ursolic acid, 3β-hydroxy-11-ursen-28,13-olide, and ursonic acid.…”

Traditional antidiabetic plants from Indonesia

“…The potential antidiabetic activities of Psidium guajava have been demonstrated in Caco-2 cells and diabetic rats models (Hedayathullah-Khan et al 2013;Muller et al 2018). Psidiumlanostenoic acid, 12β-hydroxypsidiumlanostenoic acid, trihydroxypsidiumlanostenoic acid, psidiumlanostenoic acid glucoside, quercetin, isoquercetin, and rutin were considered as the compounds responsible for the antidiabetic activity of this plant (Bagri et al 2016). The antidiabetic related activities of various extracts and fractions of Androgrphis paniculata have been proved in in-vivo and in-vitro studies (Wibudi et al 2008;Chaurasia et al 2012).…”

Pancreato-protective PANCREATOPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF SILYMARIN ON OXIDATIVE STRESS IN ALLOXAN-INDUCED HYPERGLYCEMIA IN MALE WISTAR RATS

“…Al-Enazi [27] had reported that a combination, rutin with silymarin had more ameliorative effect on oxidative stress in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Since herbal medicines are rich in flavonoids, in recent years they are gaining more importance as a major source of hypoglycemic agents [28]. Flavonoids and polyphenols have been reported to reduce various complications associated with diabetes in liver, kidneys, and blood vessels through mechanisms such as inhibition of aldose reductase, advanced glycation end-products inhibition, and the decrease of oxidative stress [29].…”