Isolation and sequence analysis of the complete NS1 and VP2 genes of canine parvovirus from domestic dogs in 2013 and 2014 in China

Abstract

Canine parvovirus (CPV) can cause severe disease in animals and continuously generates new variant and recombinant strains in dogs that have a strong impact on sanitation. It is therefore necessary to investigate epidemic CPV strains to improve our understanding of CPV transmission and epidemic behavior. However, most studies have focused on the analysis of VP2, and therefore, information about recombination and relationships between strains is still lacking. Here, 14 strains of CPV were isolated from domestic dogs suspected of hosting CPV between 2013 and 2014 in China. The complete NS1 and VP2 genes were sequenced and analyzed. The results suggest that the new CPV-2a and new CPV-2b types are the prevalent strains in China. In addition to a few mutations (residues 19, 544, 545, 572 and 583 of NS1 and residues 267, 370, 377 and 440 of VP2) that were preserved during transmission, new mutations (residues 60, 630 of NS1, and residues 21, 310 of VP2) were found in the isolated strains. A phylogenetic tree based on VP2 sequences illustrated that the new CPV-2a and new CPV-2b strains from China form single clusters that are distinct from lineages from other countries. Moreover, recombination between the new CPV-2a and new CPV-2b types was also identified in the isolated strains. Due to differences in selection pressures or recombination, there were a small number of inconsistencies between the phylogenetic trees for VP2 and NS1, which indicated that phylogenetic relationships based on VP2 might not be representative of those based on NS1. The data indicated that mutations and recombination are constantly occurring along with the spread of CPV in China.

Genome sequence characterization of canine parvoviruses prevalent in the Sichuan province of China

“…The results of the NS1 phylogenetic analysis revealed that the genome characterization of CPV‐2 showed regional distribution differences, but the trend of the time distribution was not obvious. In a previous study, new CPV‐2a and new CPV‐2b formed monophyletic groups in the NS1 phylogenetic tree (Wang, Jin, et al., ), while only CPV‐2c could form monophyletic clusters, in both Clade 1.1 and Clade 1.2, in this study. It is consistent with the result of the VP2 phylogenetic analysis that the Europe and America CPV‐2c and Asia CPV‐2c mainly clustered in Clade 2 and Clade 1.1, respectively.…”

“…Most of the Chinese CPV‐2 strains identified in recent years were in Clade 1.2 and Clade 2. It has been reported that the relationships between VP2 genes among CPV‐2 strains may not be representative of the relationships between NS1 genes among CPV‐2 strains (Wang, Jin, et al., ). The same conclusion was reached in this study.…”

Recombinant feline parvovirus infection of immunized tigers in central China

“…3 FPLV infections in large carnivores, such as captive tigers and lions, have been described based on clinical, serological and virological data. [4][5][6][7] However, the number of FPLV strains isolated from the adaptive carnivore species and the molecular information associated with these isolates are very limited. Clinical and etiological investigations are very important for discovering the mechanism(s) underlying the genetic evolution and pathogenicity of FPLV.…”

“…The filtered homogenates of positive intestinal samples were used to inoculate a Crandell-Rees feline kidney cell monolayer as described previously. 6,7 Cytopathogenic effects were observed in infected Crandell-Rees feline kidney cells beginning 36 h post inoculation (Supplementary Figure S2). The presence of parvovirus in the supernatant of the cell cultures was confirmed by PCR.…”

Canine Parvoviruslar Üzerine Güncelleme: Canine Konakçıyı Etkileyen Genetik Varyasyonlara Vurgu Yaparak Moleküler ve Genomik Yönler

“…There has also been a recent CPV-2c epidemic in Vientiane, Laos [64] and Taiwan [65] . In China's capital city, Beijing, CPV-2a and 2b remain the dominant types of this virus [47,[66][67][68] , but more recently, the presence of CPV-2c has been confirmed in China [9,[69][70][71] . In India and Iran, the dominant types in recent outbreaks were CPV-2a and -2b [21,72,73] .…”