Isomerization of glucose to fructose. 1. The stability of a whole cell immobilized glucose isomerase catalyst

Abstract

Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1983, 22, 349-356 349 Guln, J. A.; Tarrer, A. R.; Lee, J. M.; Lo, L.; Curtls, C. W. Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1979, 18, 371. Guln, J. A.; Tarrer, A. R.; Lee, J. M.; Van Brackle, H. F.; Curtis, C. W. Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1970, 18, 631. Guin, J. A.; Lee, J. M.; Fan, C. W.; Curtis, C. W.; Lloyd, J. L.; Tarrer, A. R. Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1980, 19, 440. Hung. W. J.; Curtis, C. W.; Guin, J. A.; Clinton, J. H.; Barwood, H. L.; Tarrer, A. R. Paper 6d presented at Sprlng National AlChE Meetlng, Houston, TX, 1981a. Hunag, W. J.; Smith, N. L.; Guin, J. A.; Curtis, C. W.; Tarrer, A. R. Presented at 74th Annual AlChE Meeting, New Orleans, LA 1981b. Lambert. J. M.; Slmkovlch, 0.; Walker, P. L. Fuel 1980, 59, 687. Lowry, H. H., Ed. "Chemlstry of Coal Utilizatlon", Supplementary Volume; Wlley: New York; 1963; p 265-268. MazzOCco, N. J.; Klunder, E. 8.; Krastman, D. Pittsburgh Eng. Tech. Center, Phburgh, PA, Report No. DOE/PETC/Tl?-81/1, March 1981. Montano, P. A.; Granoff, B. Fuel 1980. 59. 214. Moroni, E. C. Paper 8a presented at Sprlng AIChE Meeting, Houston, TX, 1981. Neavei, R. C. Fuel 1976, 55, 237. Neavel, R. C. Phil. Trans. R . Soc. Lond. 1981. A300. 141. Orchin, M.; Storch, H. H. Ind. €ng. Chem. 1948, 40, 1385. Raaen, V. F.; Roark, W. H. Fuel 1978, 57. 650. Sapre, A. V.; Gates, B. C. Ind. €ng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1981, 20, Thomas, M. G.; Padrlck, T. D.; Stohi, F. V. Sandla Lab. Report SAND-80-Varghese, P.; Derbyshke, F. J.; Whltehurst, D. C. Paper 6b presented atThe rate of deactivation of an immobilized whole cell Arthrobacter glucose isomerase catalyst has been determined quantitatively as a function of a number of parameters. The deactivation is most senskive to pH and temperature, while other possible parameters, such as oxygen concentration, byproduct Concentration, and impurities present in a synthetic feed stream, appeared to have only a minor Influence on the rate of deactivation under normal process conditions. The deactivation is probably caused by denaturation of the enzyme and not by mechanisms such as proteolysis, change of the membrane structure of an Arthrobacter cell, or pore plugging.

Accelerated Biocatalyst Stability Testing for Process Optimization

“…K M , and first-order kinetics are appropriate. Straatsma et al (21) found an Arrhenius activation energy E a of 60 kJ/mol with Arthrobacter whole cells; curiously, they found the same value for fresh and deactivated catalyst. Converti and Borghi found an Arrhenius activation energy E a of 94 kJ/mol over the operational range of 60-80°C with the commercial product Sweetzyme T from Novo Nordisk Bioindustriale, which is an immobilized glucose isomerase from a strain of Streptomyces murinus (22).…”

“…Converti and Borghi found an Arrhenius activation energy E a of 94 kJ/mol over the operational range of 60-80°C with the commercial product Sweetzyme T from Novo Nordisk Bioindustriale, which is an immobilized glucose isomerase from a strain of Streptomyces murinus (22). The activation enthalpy for deactivation E a,deact was found to range between 112 (23), 124 (22), 130 (21), and even 204 kJ/mol (24) below 70°C, and between 121 (22), 142 (23), 197 (25), or 234 kJ/mol (26) up to 522 kJ/mol above 70°C (24). Denaturation of glucose isomerase was found to be the decisive mechanism for overall deactivation.…”

“…Denaturation of glucose isomerase was found to be the decisive mechanism for overall deactivation. Neither leaching, poisoning, enzyme proteolysis, pore plugging, or in the case of immobilized or membrane-encased glucose isomerase, change of membrane structure appears decisive (21).…”

“…A flowchart describing the development of equations utilizing both kinetic models (LE and ex-LE) is shown in Scheme 3: [1] The equations derived from these two models were initially tested with thermodynamic and kinetic input constants gleaned from the literature to ensure that predicted reaction profiles of deactivation when applying temperature ramps were consistent with experimental observations and literature values (21,(23)(24)(25)(26). [2] After obtaining simulated temperature-activity profiles, various methodologies were tested to recover the input constants.…”

Integrated Operation and Design of a Simulated Moving Bed Reactor

“…In this work we develop a framework that can be used to improve SMBR operation as well as the design of the system by systematic modelling and optimization. The case study of our interest is isomerisation of glucose into fructose, see for example [1][2][3]5]. …”