Kirurško liječenje karcinoma dojke i aksilarnih metastaza

Abstract

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy to affect females. The first suggestions of BC and its treatment date back to Ancient Egypt, 1500-1600 B.C. Throughout history, the management of BC has evolved from extensive radical mastectomy towards less invasive treatments. Radical mastectomy was introduced by W.S. Halsted in 1894, involving the resection of the breast, regional lymph nodes, pectoralis major and minor. Despite its mutiloperative lymphatic mapping and the concept of sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy (SLNB) have been developed. SLNB has replaced axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) to be the standard procedure for axillary staging in patients with clinically node-negative BC. Many women have since been spared ALND, including those with negative SLNB or with SLNs involved with micrometastases (0.2-2 mm in size). In the last decade, evidence gathered from new clinical trials suggests that ALND may be safely omitted even in BC patients with 1 or 2 positive SLNs if adjuvant radiotherapy is delivered.ating effect, it had been the main surgical approach to BC patients until 1948, when Patey and Dyson proposed its modified form that conserved pectoralis major and minor and the level III of axillary lymph nodes. The latter was associated with less postoperative morbidity and improved quality of life. The idea of limited breast tissue resection was introduced in the 1970s by Umberto Veronesi and led to further minimizations of surgery in BC patients until breast conservation became the standard of care for early-stage disease. In the 1990s, intra

PRAF2 is an oncogene acting to promote the proliferation and invasion of breast cancer cells

“…1B ). The most common form of metastasis in breast cancer is lymphatic metastasis ( 24 ). The data showed that the high expression of PRAF2 in breast cancer samples was closely associated with metastasis to the regional lymph nodes in each stage ( Fig.…”

Bibliometric analysis of robotic surgery research in breast cancer conducted between 2008 and 2022

“…The International Institute for Cancer Research (IARC) collected data from GLOBOCAN in 185 countries and reported that 2.3 million new breast cancer cases occurred in 2020, accounting for 11.7% of new cancers; its mortality rate accounted for 6.9% of cancer deaths ( 2 ). At present, surgical treatment remains the most important part of breast cancer treatment strategy, and it is a common method for the treatment of breast cancer ( 3 ).…”

Effect of exercise on rehabilitation of breast cancer surgery patients: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials

“…Radical surgery (Bogach et al, 2022) supplemented by chemotherapy, radiotherapy, endocrine therapy and other therapies (Bhat et al, 2022; Dong et al, 2022; Wang et al, 2020) is the main treatment for BC. Radical surgery for BC primarily includes BC standard radical surgery (Halsted surgery), BC modified radical surgery, simple mastectomy, breast‐conserving surgery, axillary lymph node dissection and sentinel lymph node biopsy (Grebić et al, 2021). Although the treatment of BC has developed from extensive radical resection to less invasive treatment, the postoperative complications still, mainly including lymphedema, pain, upper limb dysfunction, etc., which seriously affect patient quality of life (QOL) (Dams et al, 2022; Ghanei Gheshlagh et al, 2022; Huang et al, 2022).…”

“…and sentinel lymph node biopsy (Grebić et al, 2021). Although the treatment of BC has developed from extensive radical resection to less invasive treatment, the postoperative complications still, mainly including lymphedema, pain, upper limb dysfunction, etc., which seriously affect patient quality of life (QOL) (Dams et al, 2022;Ghanei Gheshlagh et al, 2022;Huang et al, 2022).…”