RESUMEN: Una problemática educativa actual en Brasil es el alto porcentaje de alumnos en la escolaridad primaria que muestran un bajo nivel académico. Esta situación justifica el análisis de los determinantes del rendimiento académico en matemáticas para la totalidad de alumnos y su comparación al colectivo con un rendimiento considerado insuficiente. Para ello, se emplea una aproximación lineal y multivariante a partir de los datos contenidos en la base de datos del Sistema de Avaliação da Educação Básica 2005. En conjunto, los resultados obtenidos permiten afirmar que las dimensiones asociadas a la educabilidad resultan determinantes para comprender los rendimientos observados en la educación primaria.
Determinants of academic performance at primary school in Brazil: a multifactorial analysisABSTRACT: A current educational problem in Brazil is the high percentage of students in primary school, which shows a low academic performance. This situation justifies the analysis of the determiners on the academic performance in mathematics for all students, and their comparison with the group with an insufficient performance. For this purpose, a linear and multivariate approach was used based on the 2005 Sistema de Avaliação da Educação Básica database. Overall, the obtained results allow declaring that the dimensions associated with educability are determiners for understanding the performance seen in the primary school.