Legal Framework on the Marine Environment Protection of Straits used for International Navigation: Has It Been Effective in the Straits of Malacca and Singapore?

Rusli, Hazmi; Дремлюга, Роман; Talaat, Wan I.

doi:10.14330/jeail.2016.9.1.04

Cited by 3 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…(Fasal 38 UNCLOS 1982). Oleh yang demikian, Organisasi Maritim Antarabangsa (2012) dan Rusli et al (2016) membangkitkan persoalan serta isu besar yang melibatkan kuasa yang terhad bagi negara selat untuk menguatkuasakan undang-undang mereka berkenaan pencemaran laut di Selat Melaka. Hal ini kerana pencemaran laut yang berlaku merupakan satu ancaman yang serius terhadap persekitaran dan juga ekosistem marin.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

“…Secara fizikalnya, Fasal 233 tampak tidak rumit, namun terdapat perbezaan dari segi tafsiran yang meninggalkan jurang dalam rangka pengawalseliaan untuk melindungi persekitaran laut di Selat Melaka (Rusli et al, 2016). Semua peruntukan di atas tidak membincangkan fasal berkaitan dengan prosedur dan penguatkuasaan undang-undang (Sativale, 2001).…”

Section: Bahagian XII Konvensyen Undang-undang Laut Antarabangsa 1982unclassified

“…Hal ini menunjukkan bahawa negara-negara tersebut tidak mempunyai hak untuk campur tangan walaupun mereka menegaskan bahawa campur tangan demi melindungi persekitaran laut mereka. Dalam erti kata lain, kebebasan navigasi hendaklah sentiasa menjadi keutamaan di Selat Melaka sebagai laluan antarabangsa (Rusli et al, 2016).…”

Section: Bahagian XII Konvensyen Undang-undang Laut Antarabangsa 1982unclassified

“…Mohd Hazmi Rusli (2016) daripada Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia menyatakan bahawa semua frasa tersebut berkaitan rapat dengan terma "good faith" di bawah Fasal 26 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties. Mengikut Fasal 26 serta beberapa kes yang dirujuk seperti kes Nuclear Tests dan Gabcikovo-Nagymaros, dapat disimpulkan bahawa langkah penguatkuasaan yang diambil terhadap pengguna kapal yang melakukan kerosakan besar terhadap persekitaran marin hendaklah sesuai dan munasabah yang menepati tujuan utama Fasal 233 untuk melindungi dan memelihara laluan selat sebagai laluan antarabangsa dapat direalisasikan.…”

Section: Definisi Dan Konsep Fasal 233 Unclos 1982unclassified

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Fasal 233 Konvensyen Undang-Undang Laut Antarabangsa 1982: Satu Analisis terhadap Perairan Selat Melaka

Rahim¹,

Dahalan²

2021

kanun

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Selat Melaka merupakan selat yang terletak di antara tiga buah negara, iaitu Malaysia, Singapura dan Indonesia. Selat tersebut berfungsi sebagai laluan terpenting bagi beratus-ratus kapal untuk melakukan pelbagai aktiviti bersifat antarabangsa terutamanya bagi tujuan perdagangan. Hal ini secara tidak langsung menyumbang kepada kesesakan trafik yang amat tinggi, meningkatkan risiko berlakunya perlanggaran dan pertembungan antara kapal yang mengundang tumpahan minyak yang akan menjejaskan biosistem laut. Sungguhpun Bahagian III dan Bahagian XII Konvensyen Undang-Undang Laut 1982 (UNCLOS) diguna pakai untuk mengawal selia isu ini, Fasal 233 secara khususnya menjadi tajuk perbincangan bagi mengenal pasti sejauh mana langkah penguatkuasaan dapat diambil terhadap kapal-kapal yang berbuat kerosakan. Oleh itu, artikel ini mengenal pasti konsep dan definisi Fasal 233 dan keterpakaiannya dalam membendung pencemaran laut di Selat Melaka. Artikel ini turut menganalisis pelaksanaan Fasal 233 yang telah dilakukan oleh Negara-negara Selat serta pemakaian peruntukan UNCLOS 1982 yang lain dalam menguatkuasakan undang-undang di Selat Melaka. Artikel ini turut mengemukakan beberapa cadangan bagi sebarang penambahbaikan terhadap isu pencemaran laut dan kewajipan Negara-negara Selat untuk menangani masalah yang berlaku.

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Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Section: Bahagian XII Konvensyen Undang-undang Laut Antarabangsa 1982unclassified

Section: Definisi Dan Konsep Fasal 233 Unclos 1982unclassified

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Fasal 233 Konvensyen Undang-Undang Laut Antarabangsa 1982: Satu Analisis terhadap Perairan Selat Melaka

Rahim¹,

Dahalan²

2021

kanun

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“…The Straits of Malacca and Singapore are two of the busiest shipping ways in the world (Rusli, 2012a). There have been more than 70, 000 vessel movements in the Straits of Malacca and Singapore in 2010 and this figure is expected to increase twofold by the year 2020 (Rusli, 2012b). The importance of the Straits of Malacca and Singapore as important maritime conduits has been foreseen by the British government of the Straits Settlement in Singapore since the turn of the twentieth century.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulau Pisang Light: A Nonmalaysian Lighthouse on a Malaysian Island

Rusli

Mohamad

Дремлюга

2014

JATI

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Pulau Pisang is a small island situated off the western coast of the Malaysian state of Johor at the southern end of the Straits of Malacca. The island is about 12 kilometres from Pontian Kechil and 5 kilometres from the town of Benut and is the site of the Pulau Pisang Light, a lighthouse guiding ships into the western entrance of the busy Singapore Strait. From colonial times, the Pulau Pisang Light has always been recognised as within the territory of the independent Sultanate of Johor. The Sultanate of Johor became a British protectorate in the twentieth century and upon independence, Johor became one of the states within Malaysia. Currently, the lighthouse is managed and operated by the Maritime and Port Authority (MPA) of Singapore and the lighthouse precinct is off limits to Malaysians. This article examines the status of Pulau Pisang as an island under Malaysian sovereignty. This article further looks at the possible future implications should Singapore continue to manage the Pulau Pisang Light that instigates the question: Will Pulau Pisang become another Pedra Branca?

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The Straits of Malacca and Singapore: Maritime Conduits of Global Importance

Rusli¹,

Suherman²,

Yuliantiningsih³

et al. 2021

RWE

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The Straits of Malacca and Singapore are two of the world’s most crucial maritime highways. Srivijaya and the Malacca Sultanate were among the regional formidable political entities that were successful in exerting their power and influence over the Straits. The pre-eminence of the local kingdoms were overshadowed by the arrival of the European imperialists as early as the 16th century, that changed the political dynamics in the region. The Straits of Malacca and Singapore remain important till today as it provides the shortest route linking petroleum producing-nations of West Asia and the oil consumers of East Asia. As such, the significance of the Straits of Malacca and Singapore global fulcrum of maritime trade is indisputable. Nevertheless, despite being the caretaker of these important Straits, Malaysia and Indonesia have a long way to go before they could be regarded as influential maritime States. This article concludes that both Malaysia and Indonesia should develop its oceans policy to go hand in hand with the global significance of the Straits of Malacca and Singapore. This has to be done in ensuring that both Malaysia and Indonesia could relive the glorious moments once enjoyed by both its predecessors – Srivijaya and Malacca.

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Legal Framework on the Marine Environment Protection of Straits used for International Navigation: Has It Been Effective in the Straits of Malacca and Singapore?

Cited by 3 publications

References 3 publications

Fasal 233 Konvensyen Undang-Undang Laut Antarabangsa 1982: Satu Analisis terhadap Perairan Selat Melaka

Fasal 233 Konvensyen Undang-Undang Laut Antarabangsa 1982: Satu Analisis terhadap Perairan Selat Melaka

Pulau Pisang Light: A Nonmalaysian Lighthouse on a Malaysian Island

The Straits of Malacca and Singapore: Maritime Conduits of Global Importance

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