Li–S batteries: simple approaches for superior performance

Demir‐Cakan, Rezan; Morcrette, Mathieu; Gangulibabu,; Guéguen, Aurélie; Dedryvère, Rémi; Tarascon, Jean‐Marie

doi:10.1039/c2ee23411d

Cited by 271 publications

(239 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Despite exciting progress of trapping polysulphides, all these studies also show that there is still at least 10-20% sulphur loss as polysulphides into the electrolyte 10,25 , and thus it is very challenging to completely encapsulate all the S species 28 . Indeed, some studies indicate that Li-S batteries work through a dissolution-precipitation mechanism in order to have reversible charge/discharge, and it is necessary to have at least some soluble polysulphides 6,29,30 .…”

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Improving lithium–sulphur batteries through spatial control of sulphur species deposition on a hybrid electrode surface

et al. 2014

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Lithium-sulphur batteries are attractive owing to their high theoretical energy density and reasonable kinetics. Despite the success of trapping soluble polysulphides in a matrix with high surface area, spatial control of solid-state sulphur and lithium sulphide species deposition as a critical aspect has not been demonstrated. Herein, we show a clear visual evidence that these solid species deposit preferentially onto tin-doped indium oxide instead of carbon during electrochemical charge/discharge of soluble polysuphides. To incorporate this concept of spatial control into more practical battery electrodes, we further prepare carbon nanofibers with tin-doped indium oxide nanoparticles decorating the surface as hybrid three-dimensional electrodes to maximize the number of deposition sites. With 12.5 ml of 5 M Li 2 S 8 as the catholyte and a rate of C/5, we can reach the theoretical limit of Li 2 S 8 capacity B1,470 mAh g À 1 (sulphur weight) under the loading of hybrid electrode only at 4.3 mg cm À 2 .

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“…The direct solid-state transformation between S and Li 2 S is kinetically too slow at room temperature 31 . Interestingly, it has been demonstrated that the dissolved polysulphides can form a stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on the surface of lithium metal to suppress lithium dendrite growth 28,32 .…”

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Improving lithium–sulphur batteries through spatial control of sulphur species deposition on a hybrid electrode surface

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“…Electrodes made from conductive porous materials have been investigated and turned out to be promising. [156][157][158][159][160][161] Porous current collector architectures as polysulfide reservoir show the capability for efficient conversion among the polysulfide species, 156,162,163 but the diffusion of polysulphides cannot be totally inhibited. Introducing a bi-functional interlayer (Fig.…”

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A chemistry and material perspective on lithium redox flow batteries towards high-density electrical energy storage

et al. 2015

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Electrical energy storage system such as secondary batteries is the principle power source for portable electronics, electric vehicles and stationary energy storage. As an emerging battery technology, Li-redox flow batteries inherit the advantageous features of modular design of conventional redox flow batteries and high voltage and energy efficiency of Li-ion batteries, showing great promise as efficient electrical energy storage system in transportation, commercial, and residential applications. The chemistry of lithium redox flow batteries with aqueous or non-aqueous electrolyte enables widened electrochemical potential window thus may provide much greater energy density and efficiency than conventional redox flow batteries based on proton chemistry. This Review summarizes the design rationale, fundamentals and characterization of Li-redox flow batteries from a chemistry and material perspective, with particular emphasis on the new chemistries and materials. The latest advances and associated challenges/ opportunities are comprehensively discussed.

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“…Sion Power found that LiNO 3 , used as an electrolyte additive, helps minimize complicated deleterious reactions between polysulphides and Li, resulting in improved cell life 13 . Tarascon and colleagues 48 also reported that direct coating of the Li anode by sulphur effectively stabilizes the cycling of Li-S batteries. Other work also suggests that even a Li/Li 2 S 9 liquid cell can be cycled if an appropriate protective/passivation film can be formed on the Li metal anode 37,49 .…”

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Manipulating surface reactions in lithium–sulphur batteries using hybrid anode structures

et al. 2014

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Lithium-sulphur batteries have high theoretical energy density and potentially low cost, but significant challenges such as severe capacity degradation prevent its widespread adoption. Here we report a new design of lithium-sulphur battery using electrically connected graphite and lithium metal as a hybrid anode to control undesirable surface reactions on lithium. Lithiated graphite placed in front of the lithium metal functions as an artificial, self-regulated solid electrolyte interface layer to actively control the electrochemical reactions and minimize the deleterious side reactions, leading to significant performance improvements. Lithiumsulphur cells incorporating this hybrid anodes deliver capacities of 4800 mAh g À 1 for 400 cycles at a high rate of 1,737 mA g À 1 , with only 11% capacity fade and a Coulombic efficiency 499%. This simple hybrid concept may also provide scientific strategies for protecting metal anodes in other energy-storage devices.

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Li–S batteries: simple approaches for superior performance

Cited by 271 publications

References 14 publications

Improving lithium–sulphur batteries through spatial control of sulphur species deposition on a hybrid electrode surface

Improving lithium–sulphur batteries through spatial control of sulphur species deposition on a hybrid electrode surface

A chemistry and material perspective on lithium redox flow batteries towards high-density electrical energy storage

Manipulating surface reactions in lithium–sulphur batteries using hybrid anode structures

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