Lignification of plant cell walls: Impact of genetic manipulation

Abstract

authors request that the following corrections be noted. It was accidentally stated that the studies by Kajita et al. (1) and Lee et al. (2) dealt with cinnamoyl-CoA reductase modified plants when in fact they concerned 4-coumarate:coenzyme A ligase (4CL) transgenic plants. Lignin concentration was reduced by down-regulation of 4CL activity in both studies (1, 2). In a subsequent article, Kajita et al. (3) reported a negligible decrease in lignin concentration and a decreased syringyl-toguaiacyl ratio for lignin composition of a sense-suppressed 4CL transgenic tobacco line. Kajita et al. (1) rather than Kajita et al. (3) was inadvertently cited when this later report was contrasted with the large decreases in lignin concentration and an increased syringyl-to-guaiacyl lignin ratio for anti-sense suppressed 4CL Arabidopsis transgenics (2). The authors apologize for the confusion these errors have created for readers of their Commentary and to the authors of the cited work for misrepresenting their research. November 10, 1998, of Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA (95, 13612-13617), the authors request that the following correction be noted: In Fig. 2 appearing on page 13614, the genotype identification for testicular histology in panels C and D were shown reversed. The correct identification is Ϫ͞Ϫ for panel C and ϩ͞ϩ for panel D. The fifth sentence of the figure legend should read as follows: "Histological sections at lower (E) and higher (D) magnification of the seminiferous tubuli from a wild-type and mutant (F and C) mouse."Cell Biology. In the article "Efficient construction of a large nonimmune phage antibody library: The production of highaffinity human single-chain antibodies to protein antigens" by

Genetic Modification of Herbaceous Plants for Feed and Fuel

“…Several reports on lignin transgenic plants have noted abnormal growth and developmental characteristics (Lee et al, 1997;Piquemal et al, 1998;Ralph et al, 1998b;Tamagnone et al, 1998). In a recent commentary on genetic modification of lignification, Jung and Ni (1998) concluded that when transgenic plants exhibited significant reductions in lignin content some abnormal growth and development were observed. These results are consistent with the reduced winter survival of the High IVDMD C3 switchgrass progeny discussed previously.…”

“…In contrast, even extreme alterations in lignin composition, such as the fah1 mutant of Arabidopsis, which produces no syringyl lignin whatsoever (Chapple et al, 1992), do not affect plant growth. Jung and Ni (1998) hypothesized that lignin quantity may play a more important role in plant growth than lignin composition and structure. Because of the importance of lignin to plant development, one of the authors of this review (HGJ) is engaged in a project to clone the gene for synthesis of the feruloylarabinoxylan ester in corn as a way to reduce cross-linking of lignin to cell wall polysaccharides, and thereby increase cell wall digestibility, without reducing lignin concentration Jung et al, 1999a).…”

Anatomia quantitativa da folha e do colmo de Brachiaria brizantha (Hochst. ex A. Rich.) Stapf e B. humidicola (Rendle) Schweick

“…O fato de a maior proporção de tecidos lignificados comprometer a digestibilidade de forrageiras é amplamente descrito na literatura. Contudo, alguns trabalhos mais recentes (Jung & Buxton, 1994;Jung & Allen, 1995;Jung & Ni, 1998;Deschamps, 1999;Hatfield et al, 1999a;1999b) creditam à composição química da parede celular, principalmente dos compostos da lignina, diferentes graus de digestibilidade em materiais com proporções de tecidos lignificados e/ou teores de lignina semelhantes. A forma como os ácidos ferúlico e p_cumárico estão associados à lignina afeta a digestibilidade da matéria seca (Hatfield et al, 1999a).…”

Lignin and fiber digestion

“…Apparently lignin plays such an important role in plant development that alternative routes and precursors can be used to provide the amount of lignin necessary for normal development. When lignin concentration has been significantly reduced through biotechnology, nonviable plants result (Jung and Ni 1998).…”