Limited winter survival and compensation mechanisms of yield components constrain winter faba bean production in Central Europe

Neugschwandtner, Reinhard W.; Ziegler, K.; Kriegner, Simon; Kaul, Hans‐Peter

doi:10.1080/09064710.2015.1026838

Cited by 8 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Variety effects on soil coverage have already been reported for spring barley and winter faba bean. Further, seeding date, seed size and year can affect soil coverage (Neugschwandtner et al, 2015a;2015b;2019a;2019b). Grain loss during combine harvesting is a major problem in soybean cultivation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the yields of commonly used grain legumes in Central Europe, which are mainly spring crops, are more variable than the non-legume yields in Europe (Cernay et al, 2015), new approaches have to be followed for increasing the grain legume production, especially under the conditions of climate change with higher year-round temperatures and a lower amount of total annual precipitation with a shift of the rainfall pattern to more rainfall in winter and early spring but less in summer (Trnka et al, 2011). Such approaches include winter grain legumes (Neugschwandtner et al, 2015b;2015c), heat-tolerant new grain legumes such as chickpea (Neugschwandtner et al, 2013; and the reinforcement of the cultivation of soybean. In a large mega-environment study for Europe, Kurasch et al (2017) have shown that the adaptive plasticity of soybean might enable its cultivation throughout Europe even at high-latitude locations in northern Europe, concluding that thereby soybean might become an integral part of a sustainable agriculture in Europe.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of row spacing, seeding rate and nitrogen fertilization on yield and yield components of soybean

Neugschwandtner

Winkler²,

Bernhart³

et al. 2019

Die Bodenkultur: Journal of Land Management, Food and Environment

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Summary Soybean crop management have not been studied much in Central Europe as compared with cereals. We assessed the effect of variety, row spacing, seeding rate and nitrogen (N) fertilization on yields and yield components of soybean in a two-year experiment in Gleisdorf, Austria. The varieties Lenka, Naya and Xonia were tested in row spacings of 13 cm, 38 cm and 76 cm with 30 germinable seeds m−2. Additionally, 60 seeds m−2 were tested at 13 cm row spacing, and 38 cm row spacing was additionally established with N fertilization. Faster soil coverage was obtained with a high seeding rate or narrower row spacings. First pod height differed between varieties and increased with higher seeding rate. Grain yield was not affected by treatments but yield components differed. The widest row spacing resulted in a lower plant density but more pods plant−1, grains plant−1, grains pod−1 (in one year) and a higher thousand kernel weight (TKW). The higher seeding rate resulted in a higher plant density but less pods plant−1 whereas grains pod−1 and TKW did not differ. N fertilization did not affect the grain yield. Correlation analysis showed a high adaptability of soybean to different seeding rates and row spacings through modulation of yield components.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of row spacing, seeding rate and nitrogen fertilization on yield and yield components of soybean

Neugschwandtner

Winkler²,

Bernhart³

et al. 2019

Die Bodenkultur: Journal of Land Management, Food and Environment

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“…Alexia in the two experimental years in eastern Austria (cf. Neugschwandtner et al 2015c), whereas yield advantages have been reported for winter faba bean grown in Northern Germany (Herzog & Geisler 1991) and Argentina (Confalone et al 2013).…”

Section: Nitrogen Fixationmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Thus, spring crops will have a lower rainfed potential productivity due to a higher risk of drought during summer (Trnka et al 2011). Further legume production in Europe has to adapt to this situation, either by growing more drought adapted spring legumes like chickpea (Neugschwandtner et al 2013(Neugschwandtner et al , 2014(Neugschwandtner et al , 2015b or by growing autumn-sown legumes like winter faba bean (Neugschwandtner et al 2015c).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, N fixation can be higher with earlier planting as shown for lentil and pea (McCauley et al 2012). Consequently, there is increasing interest in winter forms (Link et al 2010) as a higher grain yield has been reported for winter faba bean than for spring faba bean in Northern Germany (Herzog & Geisler 1991) and Argentina (Confalone et al 2013) whereas no yield advantage was found in a two-year experiment in Central Europe (Neugschwandtner et al 2015c).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nitrogen yield and nitrogen fixation of winter faba beans

Neugschwandtner

Ziegler

Kriegner

et al. 2015

Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Sc

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Introducing autumn-sown legumes into Central European farming systems could be beneficial for addressing two challenges for European agriculture, i.e., the substantial deficit of protein sources for livestock and expected changes in agroclimatic conditions. Therefore, a two-year field experiment was conucted under Pannonian climate conditions in eastern Austria to assess nitrogen (N) yield and N fixation of several winter faba bean varieties from different European countries as compared to a spring faba bean. Winter wheat was used as a reference crop for estimating atmospheric N fixation. Winter faba beans were susceptible to frost damage especially in the harder of the two winters. Winter faba bean varieties could not achieve a higher grain yield and a higher grain N yield than the spring faba bean but had a higher grain N concentration (except for one variety). Grain yield and grain N yield of faba beans were severely impaired by drought in one year (with a mean of varieties of 8.3 g N m −2 , winter wheat: 6.4 g N m −2 ); in the other year, grain N yield of faba beans considerably surpassed that of winter wheat (with a mean of varieties of 21.5 g N m −2 , winter wheat: 8.8 g N m −2 ). After harvest, faba beans left higher nitrate residues in the soil, especially in the subsoil, and higher amounts of N in above-ground residues compared to winter wheat. Faba beans showed high N fixation under optimum conditions (with a mean of varieties of 21.9 g N m −2 ) whereas drought considerably impaired N fixation (with a mean of varieties of 6.3 g N m −2 ; with no differences between autumn-and spring-sown faba beans). In conclusion, growing winter faba bean varieties in eastern Austria did not result in higher grain yield, grain N yield, and N fixation compared to growing a spring faba bean.

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