Liquid shoot culture of Salvia officinalis L. for micropropagation and production of antioxidant compounds; effect of triacontanol

Abstract

Liquid shoot culture of Salvia officinalis L. in MS medium containing IAA (0.1 mg l -1 ) and BAP (0.45 mg l -1 ) was developed and evaluated in relation to shoot multiplication and antioxidant compound (carnosic acid, carnosol and rosmarinic acid) accumulation. In the liquid medium, on average, 3 new shoots per explant (shoot tip) were obtained within 3 weeks. The shoots produced 8.2±0.02 mg of diterpenoids and 31.2±0.29 mg of rosmarinic acid per gram of dry weight. Shoot proliferation and diterpenoid content increased when triacontanol (5, 10 or 20 µg l -1 ) was added to the liquid medium. In optimum conditions (at 20 µg l -1 TRIA) almost 7 shoots were formed per explant after 3 weeks. An increase in diterpenoid production (expressed as the sum of carnosol and carnosic acid) ranged from 30% to 50% and dependended on triacontanol concentration tested. The level of diterpenoids in triacontanol-treated shoots was similar to the content of compounds in commercial herbal product (dried leaves of S. officinalis) (10-12 mg g -1 dry wt). Triacontanol did not increase rosmarinic acid production, but the content of the phenolic as compound in shoots grown in liquid culture (31 mg g -1 dry wt) was even 24 times higher compared to samples of dried leaves of S. officinalis plants. We also demonstrated that the highest amounts of CA, Car and RA were accumulated in young, top parts of sage shoots. This observation could be useful for improving the selection of material for the extraction of natural antioxidants from S. officinalis.

Accumulation of dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans in agar cultures and in stationary and agitated liquid cultures of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill

“…This is the case, for example, with Catharanthus roseus shoot culture producing ajmalicine (Satdive et al 2003), Hypericum perforatum shoot cultivars producing phenolic acids (Kwiecień et al 2015), R. graveolens shoot culture accumulating furanocoumarins and umbelliferone (Ekiert et al 2001), Stevia rebaudiana in respect of steviol glycoside biosynthesis (Bondarev et al 2002), shoot culture of Isopterix canariensis accumulating cardenolides (Schaller and Kreis 2006), Salvia officinaris shoot culture accumulating carnosic acid, carnosol, and rosmarinic acid (Grzegorczyk and Wysokińska 2008), and also Securinegra suffruticosa microshoot culture accumulating indolizidine alkaloids (Raj et al 2015). …”

Effects of plant growth regulators and explant types on in vitro direct plant regeneration of Agastache foeniculum, an important medicinal plant

“…In this research, application of cytokinin (BAP) and auxin (IAA) resulted in high-frequency shoot regeneration in A. foeniculum. This combination was also used for shoot regeneration in Centella asiatica (Kim et al 2004), Salvia officinalis (Kornfeld et al 2007), Hypericum perforatum (Grzegorczyk and Wysokinska 2008), and Adhatoda vasica (Dinesh and Parameswaran 2009). MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/l BAP was effective for shoot multiplication in nodal segments of Mentha piperita (Kiran et al 2004).…”

Precursor-Boosted Production of Metabolites in Nasturtium officinale Microshoots Grown in Plantform Bioreactors, and Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Biomass Extracts

“…The biomass of microshoots collected after 20 days was dried and lyophilized (Labconco Corporation, Kansas City, MO, USA), and weighed (DW—dry weight). The Gi was calculated using the following formula: Gi = , where Dw 1 —dry weight of the microshoots obtained at the end of growth periods and Dw 0 —dry weight of the inoculum [ 41 ].…”