Liver pathology in spontaneous superinvasive opistorchiasis in synanthropic animals in hyperendemic hotbed

Abstract

Opisthorchiasis is a parasitic disease that represents a serious medical and social problem for the population living in the area of vegetation of opisthorchis larval stages. The parasitic disease significantly reduces the activity and potential of the indigenous and newcomer population of hyperendemic hotbeds. Wild and domestic animals are actively involved in maintaining the epidemiological tension of the hotbeds, among the latter, cats and dogs infected with opisthorchiasis, in which the pathomorphology of the liver and oncogenesis have not been studied, are of great importance. On the basis of sufficient factual material, this gap has been partially filled in this work. Aim. To determine the features of pathomorphological transformations of the liver and pancreas in spontaneous opisthorchiasis in cats and dogs, to identify the possibility of oncogenesis against the background of superinvasive opisthorchiasis (SO) in synanthropic animals of a hyperendemic hotbed. Material and methods. The pathomorphology of the liver and pancreas in 48 animals was studied. The specimens were processed by histological, histochemical methods, the indices of the area of inflammatory infiltrates, granulomas, necroses were calculated, the indicators were subjected to statistical processing. Results. In superinvasive opisthorchiasis, cats and dogs develop a complex of structural proliferating transformations characteristic of other hosts of the parasite – humans, laboratory animals. In synanthropic animals, against the background of SO, the development of malignant neoplasms is possible. Conclusion. Superinvasive opisthorchiasis in synanthropic animals causes permanent proliferation of progenitor cells of the liver and pancreas, which provides the promotor effect of oncogenesis in the liver – the main econiche of Opisthorchis felineus vegetation.

Opisthorchiasis - Is an Urgent Medical and Social Problem in Russia

“…Opisthorchiasis is a tissue biohelminthiasis, which occupies a leading position in terms of prevalence on the territory of the Russian Federation. In addition to its epidemiological significance, this invasion has medical and social consequences, as it is prone to chronization and in severe cases is accompanied by organ disorder with a possibly fatal outcome and disability (Plotnikova & Baranova, 2018;Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare, 2018, 2021; Khadieva et al, 2021). Opisthorchiasis has a diverse pathological effect on the health of a growing organism.…”