Local Legislative Process in Russia: Perspectives and Barriers

Abstract

The legislative process is an important tool of direct democracy for creating checks and balances on public authority. Making local laws is an essential function of the local government that is linked to direct communication between public officials and citizens. This paper sets out to evaluate the opportunities, constraints and challenges in the practices of local direct democracy in Russian municipalities, and to describe the frameworks and capacities that municipal authorities provide for citizens. The paper analyzes the political and legal circumstances for law-making initiatives at the local level and examines citizens’ activities in the local legislative process. The research question is whether citizens have the capacity and opportunity to participate in the local legislative process and to what extent barriers and challenges prevent them from doing so. To answer the research question the authors use methods of context analysis to study Russian legislation and municipal legal documents, a case study of several Russian municipalities and a survey with representatives of local communities in Tyumen, a Russian mid-sized city located in Western Siberia. The results of the study show a reluctance on the part of local residents to engage in the various aspects of direct democracy and a lack of the necessary skills, knowledge and willingness to participate in the initiative process. The results further show that the initiative process is frequently not well planned and lacks clear objectives, requirements and guidelines. The study concludes that seminars and professional training as well as roundtable workshops are effective ways to support local law-making initiatives. One promising step towards modernizing initiatives would be to organize them in e-forms. Many citizens demonstrate their ability to use electronic options that can expand the possibilities for their participation in the local legislative process.

The Strategy of Establishing E-government and Developing the Performance of Public Administration

“…It is changing to develop an online administration mainly by integrating this department with many devices and programs. The department now provides better services to users at a lower cost, characterized by diversity, speed and ease of use (Victoria & Elena, 2021).…”

Continuing the Limited Authority of the Majelis Rakyat Papua; a Missed Opportunity

“…Constraints that occur in the process of forming laws do occur in almost all countries. The formation of laws that directly involve the community is minimal, as for example in the city of Tyumen, Russia, which shows the lack of community involvement in the legislative process (Mamontova & Gladun 2021). In Australia, the amount of community involvement is also quite small so that the government was encouraged to be more aggressive in conducting surveys of community aspirations (Aulich 2009).…”