Localization of Chromogranins, Non-neuron-specific Enolase, and Different Forms of Somatostatins in the Submandibular Salivary Glands of Mice

Abstract

The localizations of chromogranins A, B, and C, neuron-specific enolase (NSE, gamma gamma-type) and non-NSE (alpha alpha-type), and different forms of somatostatins were immunocytochemically identified. The localizations were compared with those of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and nerve growth factor (NGF) in the submandibular salivary glands (SMG) of male mice at five to six weeks of age, with use of a variety of antibodies and the peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) and avidin-biotin complex (ABC) detection methods. In the SMG of male mice, the major chromogranin present was chromogranin A, whereas chromogranins B and C were not detected at these ages by either method. Chromogranin A-like immunoreactivity was located in the granular convoluted tubule (GCT) cells of the SMG, whereas non-NSE immunoreactivity was observed throughout the duct system and in some acinar-associated cells. NSE was not detected in any part of the SMG. The distribution of chromogranin A and somatostatins in the GCT cells was similar to that of EGF and NGF. Our results strongly suggest that chromogranin A and somatostatins, but not chromogranin B or C, may be useful as a means of differentiation of the cells in the duct system of the SMG responsible for the production of biologically-active factors.

Exploration of salivary proteins in buffalo: an approach to find marker proteins for estrus

“…The reason for specific expression during the proestrus phase is not known, but it has been demonstrated that human salivary proteins have hemoglobin β chains, expressed at a high level during bleeding in oral cavities (36). Another protein, α‐enolase, is ubiquitous and well expressed in the kidney and thymus (42); it has been identified in the submandibular gland of mice with immunological support (43), and now it has been identified in buffalo saliva during proestrus and estrus. In contrast, β‐enolase is reported to be present in skeletal and cardiac muscles (42); this is first time that it has been recorded during the estrus phase, and it is pertinent to note that β‐enolase has not been reported in any other ruminant saliva.…”

Immunohistochemical Localization of Chromogranin A in the Acinar Cells of Equine Salivary Glands Contrasts with Rodent Glands

“…The submandibular gland of rodents possesses a specialized segment of the duct system, called the granular convoluted tubule [Letic-Gavrilovic and Abe, 1990;Gresik et al, 1996;Sato and Miyoshi, 1998;Kurabuchi et al, 2001]. The granular convoluted tubule in rodents secretes somatostatin, epidermal growth factor, nerve growth factor, kallikreins and CgA-LI as a new member [Letic-Gavrilovic and Abe, 1990;Kanno et al, 1998].…”

Immunohistochemical expression of chromogranin in postnatal developmental salivary glands of mice and rats.

“…A previous report stated that immunoreactivity of chromogranin A was present in GCT cells of mouse submandibular glands, and chromogranin B and C staining was absent in glandular cells (14,15 authors used anti-human chromogranin A monoclonal antibody (hybridoma LK2H10) specific for the human adrenal medulla (14,15). In the present study, we used rabbit antiserum agains to bovine SP-1 (chromogranin) (Incstar, Minnesota, USA) which recognized this antiserum and detected chromogranin A, B and C complex by immunoblotting test.…”

“…Recently, Letic-Gavrilovic et al (14,15) systemically identified immunodeposition for chromogranin A, B and C in mouse submandibular glands, and showed that chromogranin A staining is localized in granular convoluted tubule (GCT) cells, but chromogranin B and C staining is present in some solitary cells around the acini in mouse submandibular glands. They suggested that chromogranin A belongs to differentiating GCT …”