<p>Feasibility Study of Adjuvant Chemotherapy with Carboplatin and Nab-Paclitaxel for Completely Resected NSCLC</p>

Abstract

Adjuvant chemotherapy with cisplatin (CDDP) plus vinorelbine is the standard regimen for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, CDDP elicits severe toxic effects, including emesis, neurotoxicity, and renal damage; carboplatin (CBDCA) may be a feasible alternative for CDDP-unfit patients. CBDCA plus paclitaxel (PTX) adjuvant chemotherapy showed a survival benefit for patients with stage IB tumors >4 cm in size, while CBDCA plus nanoparticle albumin-bound (nab)-PTX showed greater efficacy and lower neurotoxicity than CBDCA plus PTX in advanced NSCLC. Here, we investigated the feasibility of using CBDCA plus nab-PTX as adjuvant chemotherapy for NSCLC. Patients and Methods: Patients with completely resected stage II or III NSCLC, with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0-1 and adequate kidney function, received four cycles of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy with CBDCA (AUC=5 mg/mL/min, on day 1) and nab-PTX (100 mg/m 2 , on days 1, 8, and 15) administered every 4 weeks within 8 weeks after surgery. The study was designed as a prospective, single-center, Phase II study. The primary endpoint was the completion rate of chemotherapy; secondary endpoints were two-year relapse-free survival (RFS) and safety. The expected completion rate was 80%, with a 50% lower limit. Results: Of 21 enrolled patients, 18 (85.7%) were CDDP-unfit owing to age (≥75 years old [n=11, 52.4%]) or mild renal impairment (n=7, 33.3%). Nineteen of the 21 enrolled patients were assigned to the intervention. The most common grade 3 or 4 adverse events were neutropenia (n=15, 78.9%) and anemia (n=3, 15.8%). The completion rate for the four cycles was 63.2% (95% CI, 38.4-83.7). Two-year RFS was 56.8% (95% CI, 29.7-76.9). Conclusion: The completion rate for CBDCA plus nab-PTX as adjuvant chemotherapy for CDDP-unfit NSCLC patients did not reach treatment feasibility. Further dose modifications may be required in future studies.

<p>Influence of Programmed Death Ligand-1-Gene Polymorphism rs822336 on the Prognosis and Safety of Postoperative Patients with NSCLC Who Received Platinum-Based Adjuvant Chemotherapy</p>

“…6 In consequence, only 20% had the opportunity to receive surgical resection. 7 Therefore, platinum-based regimens became the standard of care for stage II and III NSCLC patientsas postoperative adjuvant treatment, which has proven to improve the 5-year survival rate by 5.3%. 8 Initially, a regimen of cisplatin combined with vinorelbine was widely used as adjuvant therapy in NSCLC.…”

CircRNAs: biogenesis, functions, and role in drug-resistant Tumours

“…Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a highly heterogeneous haematologic malignancy. Drug resistance and recurrence are the key factors in the failure of leukaemia treatment [160]. Shang et al found that circPAN3, which may be a key regulatory factor for acquired chemoresistance in AML, is upregulated in drug-resistant AML cells and mediates ADM resistance through different pathways.…”

Prognostic Significance of Tumor Mutation Burden among Patients with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Who Received Platinum-based Adjuvant Chemotherapy: An Exploratory Study

“…Consequently, only approximately 20% of patients can receive surgical treatment. Even after surgical resection, considerable proportions of patients might experience recurrence [ 5 ]. The platinum-based regimens became the standard of care for NSCLC patients with stage II and III as postoperative adjuvant regimen that dramatically attenuated the risk of recurrence, which was proven to improve the 5-year survival rate of 5% [ 6 ].…”