Macro and microscopic visual imaging tools to investigate metal reducing bacteria in soils

Scott, Brian; Baldwin, Andrew H.; Yarwood, Stephanie A.; Castañeda, Carmen; Latorre, Borja; Rabenhorst, Martin C.

doi:10.1002/saj2.20171

Cited by 7 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Our results and the findings of Scott et al. (2021) demonstrate that it is possible to observe redox conditions in situ using cameras and clear tubes. We used a rhizosphere camera to observe iron and manganese coating removal as an indicator of reducing conditions in a simulated wetland soil.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…IRIS tubes made out of polyvinylchloride (PVC) pipes or plastic films have been used with coatings of iron (Castenson & Rabenhorst, 2006;Jenkinson & Franzmeier, 2006;Liggett et al, 2020;Rabenhorst & Burch, 2006) or manganese oxide(s) (Dorau & Mansfeldt, 2015;Dorau et al, 2016;Rabenhorst, 2018;Rabenhorst & Persing, 2017) to observe reducing conditions in the field. Recently, Scott et al (2021) found coating removal from clear tubes to be similar to PVC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Developing automated methods to measure coating removal from the tube or film will improve the efficacy of the IRIS approach. Scott et al (2021) recently used a borehole camera to capture images in clear IRIS tubes, which required manual camera movement through the tube. Expanding on their findings, we present a fully automated method of hourly image acquisition and image processing for finer temporal resolution of IRIS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Camera illustration of Indicator of Reduction in Soils (IRIS) reduction dynamics

LeFevre

Knappenberger

Shaw

et al. 2021

Agricultural & Env Letters

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Indicator of Reduction in Soils (IRIS) tubes or films are used with coatings of iron or manganese oxide to observe depth or occurrence of reducing conditions, with coating removal often assessed weekly. We evaluated the use of a rhizosphere camera to capture iron and manganese reduction (coating removal) at high temporal resolution. A rhizosphere tube was coated with iron and manganese oxide (two sections of each oxide) and inserted into a saturated column filled with a surface horizon from a wet soil (Fluvaquent). Images were taken hourly over 28 d and compared with Eh and pH data. Reducing conditions were observed for manganese and iron after 1 and 4 d, respectively. This technology builds upon an existing approach and could be used to evaluate real‐time reducing soil conditions with IRIS as well as to improve oxide coating composition and tube/film development (e.g., coating thickness).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Camera illustration of Indicator of Reduction in Soils (IRIS) reduction dynamics

LeFevre

Knappenberger

Shaw

et al. 2021

Agricultural & Env Letters

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“…Although primitive in the determination of corrosion or indeed rates of MIC on a material, the borescope has been taken to advanced levels. For example, Scott et al [65] used the borescope to create images of corrosion of metals in soils which bacteria were facilitating. Indicator of reduction in soils (IRIS) is an important technology for identifying hydric soils.…”

Section: Borescopementioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical Characterisation of Material Corrosion by Biofilms

Dang

Power²,

Cozzolino

et al. 2022

J Bio Tribo Corros

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Almost every abiotic surface of a material is readily colonised by bacteria, algae, and fungi, contributing to the degradation processes of materials. Both biocorrosion and microbially influenced corrosion (MIC) refer to the interaction of microbial cells and their metabolic products, such as exopolymeric substances (EPS), with an abiotic surface. Therefore, biofouling and biodeterioration of manufactured goods have economic and environmental ramifications for the user to tackle or remove the issue. While MIC is typically applied to metallic materials, newly developed and evolving materials frequently succumb to the effects of corrosion, resulting in a range of chemical reactions and transport mechanisms occurring in the material. Recent research on biocorrosion and biofouling of conventional and novel materials is discussed in this paper, showcasing the current knowledge regarding microbial and material interactions that contribute to biocorrosion and biofouling, including biofilms, anaerobic and aerobic environments, microbial assault, and the various roles microorganisms’ play. Additionally, we show the latest analytical techniques used to characterise and identify MIC on materials using a borescope, thermal imaging, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron microscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical and epifluorescence microscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry, and chemometrics.

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“…Despite the importance of these metal redox reactions in soils, they are difficult to measure in situ and the lack of field measurements limits our understanding of the impacts of Fe and Mn redox changes on soil biogeochemistry. As of now, scientists use a range of active or passive methods to track redox conditions in soils (Fiedler et al 2007;Scott et al 2021). Direct measurement of redox potential (Eh) in soils with platinum tip electrodes is useful, but costly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Fixed-Potential Electrodes To Quantify Iron And Manganese Redox Cycling In Upland Soils

Hodges

Regan

Forsythe

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Changes in metal redox in soils can exert strong controls on carbon mineralization but are difficult to measure in real time. Recently, potentiostatically poised electrodes (fixed-potential electrodes) have been demonstrated as promising for measuring the rate of oxidation and reduction at a specific reduction potential in situ in riparian soils but are yet untested in upland soils. Here for the first time, we explored the fine-scale temporal fluctuations of redox of both iron and manganese in response to environmental conditions. We used three-electrode systems with working electrodes fixed at 100 mV (vs. SHE) in 2019 and added 400 mV in 2020 at 50 cm and 70 cm in the valley floor soil of a headwater watershed at the Susquehanna Shale Hills Critical Zone Observatory (SSHCZO). Electrodes fixed at 100 mV mimic iron oxides and at 400 mV mimic manganese oxides, and real-time reduction and oxidation rates can be calculated from measured changes in the electric current over time. Alongside the electrodes, soil porewater chemistry, pCO2, pO2, groundwater level, and precipitation were measured. Results indicate that fixed-potential electrodes successfully detected temporally fine-scale fluctuations in metal redox state, which was confirmed by the coordinated datasets. Water table fluctuations at the electrode depth drove metal reduction, and rainfall events stimulated oxidation reactions in the vadose zone. For the first time in soils, we directly measured the frequency, period, and amplitude of oxidation and reduction events. All of these are key variables that control the biogeochemical impact of metal oxide redox in terrestrial systems. At the SSHCZO we observed multi-day reduction or oxidation events with a return interval of 5 – 10 days, controlled by precipitation frequency. Such measurements with fixed-potential electrodes hold promise for accurately exploring the fast-changing biogeochemical impacts of metal redox in upland soils where such reactions have been difficult to quantify.

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Macro and microscopic visual imaging tools to investigate metal reducing bacteria in soils

Cited by 7 publications

References 35 publications

Camera illustration of Indicator of Reduction in Soils (IRIS) reduction dynamics

Camera illustration of Indicator of Reduction in Soils (IRIS) reduction dynamics

Analytical Characterisation of Material Corrosion by Biofilms

Using Fixed-Potential Electrodes To Quantify Iron And Manganese Redox Cycling In Upland Soils

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