Macroporous Photopolymer Frits for Capillary Electrochromatography

Abstract

Macroporous polymer frits have been fabricated in fused-silica capillaries by the UV photopolymerization of a solution of glycidyl methacrylate and trimethylopropane trimethacrylate. This in situ preparation is a simple, rapid, and reproducible process. The frit can be placed at any desired position along the column. Photopolymer frits can withstand the short exposure to a high pressure (over 6000 psi). Bubble formation is no observed to occur with these frits under our experimental conditions. By choice of porogens, it is possible to control the porous properties. The use of such frits in capillaries to retain particles of chromatographic packing has been demonstrated to be stable and robust with continuous operation over 3 days.

Size‐exclusion capillary electrochromatographic separation of polysaccharides using polymeric stationary phases

“…For the fabrication of the columns, porous polymeric frits were made from poly(glycidyl methacrylate-co-trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate) polymer (GMA-co-TRIM), using an in situ photoinitiated polymerization reaction as described by Svec et al [61,62], with some modifications to the procedure as detailed in [51]. For the 75 mm capillaries, a polymerization time of 45 min was found to produce sufficiently stable and porous frits, whereas for the 100 mm capillaries, 75 min was required.…”

Theory and Practice of UHPLC and UHPLC–MS

“…Externally and internally tapered columns have been proposed as well as columns with inlet, outlet, or both monolithic frits (Lord et al, 1997;Chen et al, 2000;Rocco and Fanali, 2008). Entrapment of particulate material by sintering and sol-gel technology (a hybrid between packed and monolithic columns) can also be mentioned as an alternative to frit formation (Colón et al, 2000).…”

Preparation of Poly(styrene-divinylbenzene) Monolith Frits Encased in Common Polymer Tubing and Their Application in μLC

“…was filled with the monolith reaction mixture, heated, washed, dried and cut into thin slices to yield the frits. It should be noted that organic monolith frits were fabricated in silica capillaries for CEC application 12 and that polystyrene-divinylbenzene monolith frits were also fabricated in silica capillaries in μLC application. 13 In those studies, however, frits were permanently fabricated in the capillary columns.…”