Mass Spectrometric Determination of Partial Ionization Cross Sections

Märk, T.D.

doi:10.1002/ctpp.19820220306

Cited by 45 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 152 publications

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“…This condition was further confirmed through SIMION trajectory simulations. Collection of all ions is important in order to avoid discrimination against ions formed with large kinetic energies [49,50]. The instrument used to record TICSs has been used in the past to determine absolute TICSs in excellent agreement with benchmark experiments and has systematically performed well in measurements on a wide variety of species, ranging from diatomics to C 6 organic species [51].…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron-impact-ionization dynamics of five C2to C4perfluorocarbons

et al. 2013

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Reprinted with permission from the American Physical Society: Phys. Rev. A 88, 062710 c (2013) by the American Physical Society. Readers may view, browse, and/or download material for temporary copying purposes only, provided these uses are for noncommercial personal purposes. Except as provided by law, this material may not be further reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modied, adapted, performed, displayed, published, or sold in whole or part, without prior written permission from the American Physical Society.Additional information: Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. Perfluorocarbons (PFCs) are man-made compounds whose ion physics exhibit complex interplays between statistical and nonstatistical fragmentation and intramolecular rearrangement processes. One probe of such processes is the energy-dependent electron-impact-ionization cross section. Partial electron-impact-ionization cross sections are reported for the fragments arising from five C 2 to C 4 PFCs, namely, C 2 F 6 , C 3 F 8 , C 3 F 6 , CF 2 =CF-CF=CF 2 , and CF 3 -C≡C-CF 3 , over the energy range from threshold to ∼210 eV. Care was taken to maximize ion collection efficiency and to minimize discrimination against ions produced with high kinetic-energy release, and the measured cross sections have been calibrated using independent absolute total (gross) ionization efficiency curves measured previously in the same laboratory with an instrument that was designed to essentially have unit detection efficiency. Total ionization cross sections have also been modeled using the binary-encounter Bethe model, and the shortcomings of the model when applied to perfluorinated compounds are discussed. Analysis of the mass spectral fragmentation patterns in combination with ab initio energetics suggests that nonstatistical dissociative ionization processes play a significant role in the fragmentation dynamics of saturated PFCs. In contrast, unsaturated PFCs exhibit long-lived parent ions, which tend to undergo a higher degree of statistical dissociation following ionization, involving considerable intramolecular rearrangement.

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Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron-impact-ionization dynamics of five C2to C4perfluorocarbons

et al. 2013

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“…Comprehensive reviews [1][2][3][4] reveal large discrepancies in both the magnitude and energy dependences of cross sections reported by different groups. In many instances, limitations of the available instruments compromised the accuracy of the earlier measurements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Absolute total cross sections for CO 2 have been measured by Rapp and Englander-Golden 5 and by Asundi, Craggs, and Kurepa 6 using the parallel plate system pioneered by Tate and Smith. 7 Partial cross sections for CO 2 have been previously measured using various types of mass spectrometry by Freund, Wetzel, and Shul; 8 Orient and Srivastava;9 Mark and Hílle; 10 Crowe and McConkey; 11 Adamczyk, Boerboom, and Lukasiewicz; 12 and Krishnakumar.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7 Partial cross sections for CO 2 have been previously measured using various types of mass spectrometry by Freund, Wetzel, and Shul; 8 Orient and Srivastava;9 Mark and Hílle; 10 Crowe and McConkey; 11 Adamczyk, Boerboom, and Lukasiewicz; 12 and Krishnakumar. 13 Of all the previous partial cross section measurements, however, only the work of Freund, Wetzel, and Shul 8 is absolute.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Absolute partial cross sections for electron-impact ionization of CO2 from threshold to 1000 eV

Straub

Lindsay

Smith

et al. 1996

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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Absolute partial cross sections for electron-impact ionization of CH4 from threshold to 1000 eV Absolute partial and total electron impact ionization cross sections for CF4 from threshold up to 180 eV Absolute partial electron impact ionization cross sections of Xe from threshold up to 180 eV J. Chem. Phys. 81, 3116 (1984); 10.1063/1.448013Mass spectrometric determination of partial electron impact ionization cross sections of He, Ne, Ar and Kr from threshold up to 180 eV Absolute partial cross sections for the production of CO 2 ϩ , CO ϩ , CO 2 2ϩ , O ϩ , C ϩ , O 2ϩ , and C 2ϩ from electron-impact ionization of CO 2 are reported for electron energies from threshold to 1000 eV. The product ions are mass analyzed using a time-of-flight mass spectrometer and detected with a position-sensitive detector whose output provides clear evidence that all product ions are completely collected. The overall uncertainty in the absolute cross section values is Ϯ3.5% for singly charged parent ions and is slightly greater for fragment and doubly charged ions. For the fragment ion cross sections, all but one of the previous measurements are observed to be significantly lower than the present results.

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“…Recently a survey of experimental methods for determining the electron impact ionization cross sec tion for atoms has been given by T. D. M~R K [9]. For molecules it is necessary to modify these methods, because fragment ions of molecules with large kinetic energy (1 -2 eV) were observed [lo, 121.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionization Cross Sections of Gas Molecules for Plasma Chemistry

Deutsch

Schmidt²

1985

Contrib Plasma Phys

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Using the recently tested formula of GRYZINSKI electron impact ionization cross sections for several molecules are calculated. The additivity rule and the statistical approach by FITCA and SAUTER are discweed. With new experimental ionization cross sections it is possible to derive the regression Coefficients also for P, As, B, and Si, which are presented together with the previously obtained values as a function of the atomic number. It appears to be possible to obtain coefficients for other atoms by interpolation. First attemps to determine regression coefficients a130 for 20 and 35 eV electron energy are discussed.

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Mass Spectrometric Determination of Partial Ionization Cross Sections

Cited by 45 publications

References 152 publications

Electron-impact-ionization dynamics of five C2to C4perfluorocarbons

Electron-impact-ionization dynamics of five C2to C4perfluorocarbons

Absolute partial cross sections for electron-impact ionization of CO2 from threshold to 1000 eV

Ionization Cross Sections of Gas Molecules for Plasma Chemistry

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