Mature (Benign) Cystic Retroperitoneal Teratoma Involving the Left Adrenal Gland in a 22-Year-Old Male: A Case Report and Literature Review

Abstract

Primary retroperitoneal teratomas involving adrenal glands are exceedingly uncommon accounting for only 4% of all primary teratomas. They are more common in childhood and rarely occur in adults. Only a very few case reports have been documented in literature so far. Herein, we report a mature (benign) cystic retroperitoneal teratoma in the region of left adrenal gland in a 22-year-old otherwise healthy male patient who presented with a 1-month history of left flank pain. In addition, a literature review on teratomas is included.

Retroperitoneal Teratoma in Infancy; Report of an Unusual Entity

“…Of these two, gonadal teratomas are more common and are mostly primary by nature, mainly seen in adults, and occur in gonads. In contrast, extragonadal teratomas are less common and are mostly secondary by nature, mainly seen in infants and young children [7], and generally metastasize to sacrococcygeal, mediastinal, retroperitoneal, and pineal gland sites in that order from a primary gonadal tumor [3]. Based on their composition, teratomas can be classified into solid, cystic, or mixed teratomas.…”

“…Complete excision of the tumor is preferred for histological confirmation and cure. The surgeon should be careful to dissect the tumor from renal and other major vessels, which are usually stretched out over the lesion [3]. In the cases where there is histological evidence of an immature teratoma, adjuvant therapy, such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or concurrent chemo radiotherapy may be given, after complete resection of the primary tumor [2].…”

“…In the cases where there is histological evidence of an immature teratoma, adjuvant therapy, such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or concurrent chemo radiotherapy may be given, after complete resection of the primary tumor [2]. Prognosis is excellent after complete surgical excision with an overall five-year survival rate of nearly 100% [3].…”

“…The main stay of definitive diagnosis and treatment of mature teratoma is surgical excision. Prognosis is generally good following complete surgical excision with an overall five-year survival rate of nearly 100% [3]. Here, we have described as case of retroperitoneal teratoma in an infant with special reference to imaging findings.…”

Supra Renal Teratoma- A Case Report

“…They are mostly gonadal, however they can be found in extra gonadal sites such as sacro-coccygeal, presacral, mediastinal, pineal, bowel, tongue and retro-peritoneum. Primary extra-gonadal teratomas are common in neonates and infants, where as in adults; particularly in males it is secondary to gonadal tumors [7] . The most common site of extra gonadal teratoma in children is sacro-coccygeal or pre sacral region.…”