Mechanical Properties of Small Clear Specimens of Eucalyptus globulus Labill

Crespo, José; Majano-Majano, Almudena; Lara-Bocanegra, Antonio José; Fernández, Manuel Guaita

doi:10.3390/ma13040906

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Consistent with previous findings on other species [11], along the grain, a higher tensile failure strength was found than that under compression both above and below the FSP, i.e., the compressive strength of the wood was almost two times lower than the tensile strength. This agreed with previous studies on dry wood, which showed that wood is an anisotropic material with different strengths in tension and compression [29,32]. This anisotropy is due to the cellular nature of wood and its growth.…”

Section: Failure Envelopes and Failure Strengthssupporting

confidence: 92%

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Anisotropic Tensile Characterisation of Eucalyptus nitens Timber above Its Fibre Saturation Point, and Its Application

et al. 2022

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Plantation-grown Eucalyptus nitens (E. nitens) has been grown predominantly for the pulp and paper industry. In this study, the suitability of E. nitens as a structural material is examined using static tensile tests in a universal testing machine. The anisotropic tensile behaviour of 240 Eucalyptus nitens small clear wood samples with a diversity of grain angles was examined in both dry and wet conditions. The samples had a highly anisotropic tensile characterisation in the context of both a low moisture content (MC = 12%) and a high moisture content (MC > its fibre saturation point, FSP). The results showed that, in a high moisture content condition, the wood showed a lower failure strength and more ductility at all grain angles than in a low moisture content condition. The underlying failure mechanism of Eucalyptusnitens timber in tension was determined in detail from the perspective of the microstructure of wood cellulose polymer composites. The mean tensile failure strengths perpendicular and parallel to the fibre direction were, respectively, 5.6 and 91.6 MPa for the low MC and 3.8 and 62.1 MPa for the high MC condition. This research provides a basis for using E. nitens as a potential structural tensile member. The moisture modification factors of Eucalyptus timber at a mean level are higher than those of the traditional construction material, Pinus radiata, implying that E. nitens is promising as a material to be used for tensile members in water saturated conditions.

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Section: Failure Envelopes and Failure Strengthssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The fibre-directed tensile failure mode was classified according to its shape [29]. The failure mode linked strongly with its grain angle, as shown in Figure 8.…”

Section: Failure Modesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anisotropic Tensile Characterisation of Eucalyptus nitens Timber above Its Fibre Saturation Point, and Its Application

et al. 2022

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“…Analyzing the shear strength behavior, the value obtained in the experimental program, 12.14 MPa, is consistent with the literature: 16. [1]. It is important to note that the value obtained for the shear strength is significantly higher than the characteristic value reported for the strength class D40 by EN 338 [27] (3.8 MPa).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…The increasing political and social demands regarding the use of eco-friendly building materials are leading in recent years to a strong rise in the use of wood due to its CO 2 absorption capacity and the quality of renewable natural resource [1]. In recent studies of the UK construction sector, it has been shown that novel off-site panelized modular timber frame systems can save up to 50% of embodied carbon and 35% embodied energy when compared with traditional residential building methods and materials [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ability to Glue Portuguese Eucalyptus Elements

et al. 2020

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Portuguese forests have changed in recent years. These changes were mainly boosted by the wildfires that affected a significant percentage of the softwood area. Eucalyptus is actually the dominant wood species in Portuguese forests. This is not a native hardwood, but is being planted mainly for pulp and paper production, and its availability and mechanical performance have made it very present in timber construction in the last 50 years. Within the discussion to substitute imported raw materials, mainly from softwoods, with local hardwoods for the production of engineered wood products, the study of the ability to glue eucalyptus has become a necessity. This paper presents experimental works aimed to assess the ability to glue eucalyptus elements for the production of glued laminated timber (GLT) and cross-laminated timber (CLT). Since this wood species has been known for being difficult to dry, a preliminary study on the dimensional stability under moisture content variation was performed. Then, shear strength tests were made in accordance with ASTM D143. The objective was to correlate those results with the tests performed in the following research step. In this further stage, shear strength tests of the bond line were performed following EN 14080 and EN 16351. The results obtained in all the experiments show that eucalyptus has the potential to be glued and therefore the production of GLT and/or CLT using this local undervalued wood species is potentially of high industrial interest.

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“…However, a remarkable share of the forest industry investments is now going to fast-growing markets in Asia and low-cost production regions, such as South America [14]. Among the different species available, Eucalyptus stands out in terms of availability, sustainability, price [22], and mechanical performance [23][24][25]. Hence, it may be an alternative to hardwood species for the wood flooring industry [26,27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of Falling Ball Impact Test Response on Solid, Veneer, and Traditional Engineered Wood Floorings of Several Hardwoods

Sepliarsky¹,

Rello

Balmori

et al. 2022

Forests

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Hardness is a key mechanical property of flooring materials. In this study, the performance of veneer floorings (with a top layer thickness of 0.6 mm) was investigated by dynamic hardness tests, comparing it with those of traditional engineered wood floorings (with a top layer thickness of 3 mm) and solid wood floorings. Two hardwoods commonly used on wood flooring, viz. Quercus robur L. and Hymenaea courbaril L., and two fast-growing hardwoods, Eucalyptus globulus Labill. and Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden, were tested as top layers. To compare their usage properties, a dynamic impact hardness test involving steel balls with three diameters and five different drop heights was carried out, measuring the footprint diameter (FD) and the indentation depth (ID). The data from 4800 impacts, corresponding to 180 different individual groups (4 hardwood species × 3 ball diameters × 5 drop heights × 3 floor types) were analyzed. The results showed that the general response in terms of both FD and ID was better in the engineered wood floorings than in solid wood floorings, and that the veneer floorings (0.6 mm) showed better behavior than traditional engineered wood floorings (3.0 mm). Furthermore, for the veneer floorings, the two fast-growing hardwood species tested, which have significantly different densities, showed similar behavior to traditional hardwoods, suggesting that they would be suitable for valorization in the wood flooring industry.

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Mechanical Properties of Small Clear Specimens of Eucalyptus globulus Labill

Cited by 20 publications

References 16 publications

Anisotropic Tensile Characterisation of Eucalyptus nitens Timber above Its Fibre Saturation Point, and Its Application

Anisotropic Tensile Characterisation of Eucalyptus nitens Timber above Its Fibre Saturation Point, and Its Application

Ability to Glue Portuguese Eucalyptus Elements

Modeling of Falling Ball Impact Test Response on Solid, Veneer, and Traditional Engineered Wood Floorings of Several Hardwoods

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