Medical education in Primary Healthcare: a multiple-approach experience to teaching, service and community integration practices

Abstract

The Brazilian National Health System (SUS) is a public universal system and adopts primary healthcare as the main coordinator of care. SUS requires that Brazilian universities offer a new professional education model. This article aims at discussing the medical education provided in an institution in a city in the Brazilian state of Bahia, taking primary healthcare and the National Curricular Guidelines as guidance for the Medicine courses. The experience with teaching, service and community integration practices (Piesc) brings together students, teachers, health professionals and SUS users, integrating different perspectto the health-disease-care process under the Family Health Strategy context. Piesc includes Collective Health and General Family and Community Medicine knowledge, covering different territories and social agents in the process of care, helping to change medical education for SUS.

Formación de recursos humanos para la salud universal: acciones estratégicas desde las instituciones académicas

“…Es indispensable transmitir a los profesionales, desde el pregrado, elementos, herramientas y competencias que les permitan conocer y acercarse a las comunidades. Las innovaciones pedagógicas inducidas por una formación orientada a las competencias puede ser un terreno que permita innovar no sólo respecto al lugar en que se entregan los conocimientos -idealmente el ámbito ambulatorio-sino también respecto de las capacidades para realizar trabajo comunitario participativo y aplicar modelos de investigación y acción participativas, superando las actuales limitaciones para la promoción de la salud (18).…”

Commitment to Care for the Community and COVID-19: teaching-learning approach to medical education in primary health care in Brazil

“…Reflecting on medical education, in Brazil, medical schools, since 2014, are performing curricular changes. The article by Peixoto et al 35 , gives information on the Teaching, Service and Community Integration Practices (PIESC), it includes the development of medical education and delineates practices with communities, families, and people based on their vulnerabilities and care and the FHS. Considers which aspect of PIESC work presents new perspectives and potentialities based on strengthening the professionals and on expanding the interdisciplinary work 35 .…”

De calouros a internos: análise retrospectiva de 8 semestres na Disciplina Integração Ensino Serviço e Comunidade no curso de medicina

“…T he Brazilian National Curriculum Guidelines (Diretrizes Nacionais Curriculares, DCN), published in 2014, established the need for articulation between knowledge, skills, and attitudes in three specific areas: health care, management and education 1,2,3,4 . In view of this, the curricular bases of Medicine undergraduate course obtained a necessary reformulation, to train health professionals more committed to integral, quality, and resolving practices 2,3,4,5 .…”

“…This new change introduces the student right at the Medicine course beginning to Primary Care (PC), seeking to contribute to the formation of a general practitioner focused on the needs of the Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) 2,5 and capable of working at different levels of health care 3,4,6,7 . In this context, at the Centro Universitário Tiradentes (UNIT), a discipline/module called "Integração Ensino Serviço e Comunidade" (IESC) was created, aiming to include and integrate academics with SUS and insert them into a community.…”