Micromechanics fracture in osteonal cortical bone: A study of the interactions between microcrack propagation, microstructure and the material properties

Najafi, Ahmad R.; Arshi, Ahmad Reza; Eslami, M. R.; Fariborz, S.J.; Moeinzadeh, Manssour H.

doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2007.01.017

Cited by 74 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The ageing process makes the interstitial bone tissue stiffer [39,92], which was shown numerically to have a profound effect on the bone fracture mechanics [74,[93][94][95][96][97]. In addition, ageing leads Bone toughness mechanisms at different levels of hierarchy.…”

Section: Bone Toughening Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Experimental results showed that cement lines could lead to the death of bone cells by cutting the connecting canals between the interstitial and osteonal bone cells [98]. From the mechanics point of view, modelling results demonstrated a significant impact of material properties of cement lines on microcrack-osteon interactions [74,99]. Quantitative analyses of cortical bone have also reported that the size and density of osteons vary with age [78,[100][101][102][103][104].…”

Section: Bone Toughening Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, Raeisi Najafi et al [74] studied the crack growth trajectory in cortical bone using an FEM model. Their results show that a microcrack trajectory deviates from the osteon ( figure 8).…”

Section: Models At the Microscale And Larger Scalesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They also found that, when a microcrack in the interstitial Figure 9. Microcrack propagation severely affected by separation of osteons [74]. Close proximity of osteons will not allow microcrack propagation between the osteons.…”

Section: Models At the Microscale And Larger Scalesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…rsfs.royalsocietypublishing.org Interface Focus 6: 20150055 bone lies in the same direction as the compressive loading, it enters the osteon directly in a direction parallel to the loading [74] (figure 10). These findings are supported by SEM fractography of fracture surfaces of bone subjected to compressive loading [172,173].…”

Section: Models At the Microscale And Larger Scalesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modelling of bone fracture and strength at different length scales: a review

Sabet¹,

Najafi²,

Hamed³

et al. 2016

Interface Focus.

113

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In this paper, we review analytical and computational models of bone fracture and strength. Bone fracture is a complex phenomenon due to the composite, inhomogeneous and hierarchical structure of bone. First, we briefly summarize the hierarchical structure of bone, spanning from the nanoscale, sub-microscale, microscale, mesoscale to the macroscale, and discuss experimental observations on failure mechanisms in bone at these scales. Then, we highlight representative analytical and computational models of bone fracture and strength at different length scales and discuss the main findings in the context of experiments. We conclude by summarizing the challenges in modelling of bone fracture and strength and list open topics for scientific exploration. Modelling of bone, accounting for different scales, provides new and needed insights into the fracture and strength of bone, which, in turn, can lead to improved diagnostic tools and treatments of bone diseases such as osteoporosis.

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Section: Bone Toughening Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Bone Toughening Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Models At the Microscale And Larger Scalesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Models At the Microscale And Larger Scalesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Models At the Microscale And Larger Scalesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Modelling of bone fracture and strength at different length scales: a review

Sabet¹,

Najafi²,

Hamed³

et al. 2016

Interface Focus.

113

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Analysis of micro fracture in human Haversian cortical bone under compression

Jonvaux

Hoc

Budyn

2012

Numer Methods Biomed Eng

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A procedure to investigate local stress intensity factors in human Haversian cortical bone under compression is presented. The method combines a customised experimental setting for micro-compression tests of millimetric bone specimens and a finite element contact model conforming to the bone morphology that tracks advancing microcracks. The non-interpenetration conditions along the crack edges are ensured by penalty constraints of which the parameters are optimised for minimum contact pressure error with respect to the crack orientations. A cohesive crack opening law is implemented in the wake of the crack tips to remain consistent with the progressive tearing of collagen fibrils. The displacement solution is searched by a Newton-Raphson scheme containing a double loop first on the displacements and second on the frictional contact and cohesive condition updates at the crack interfaces. The experimental Dirichlet boundary conditions are acquired by digital image cross-correlation of bone light microscopy observations and then imported into the model. The local mechanical elastic moduli are measured by nanoindentation and microextensometry. The comparison of the macroscopic stress-strain numerical response with the experiment reveals the existence of narrow diffuse damaged zones near the major cracks where the local stress intensity factors can be calculated.

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A predictive model for fracture in human ribs based on in vitro acoustic emission data

García-Vilana¹,

Sánchez-Molina²,

Llumà³

et al. 2021

Medical Physics

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Purpose The aim of this paper is to propose a fracture model for human ribs based on acoustic emission (AE) data. The accumulation of microcracking until a macroscopic crack is produced can be monitored by AE. The macrocrack propagation causes the loss of the structural integrity of the rib. Methods The AE technique was used in in vitro bending tests of human ribs. The AE data obtained were used to construct a quantitative model that allows an estimation of the failure stress from the signals detected. The model predicts the ultimate stress with an error of less than 3.5% (even at stresses 15% lower than failure stress), which makes it possible to safely anticipate the failure of the rib. Results The percolation theory was used to model crack propagation. Moreover, a quantitative probability‐based model for the expected number of AE signals has been constructed, incorporating some ideas of percolation theory. The model predicts that AE signals associated with micro‐failures should exhibit a vertical asymptote when stress increases. The occurrence of this vertical asymptote was attested in our experimental observations. The total number of microfailures detected prior to the failure is N≈100 and the ultimate stress is σ∞=197±62 MPa. A significant correlation (p < 0.0001) between σ∞ and the predicted value is found, using only the first N = 30 micro‐failures (correlation improves for N higher). Conclusions The measurements and the shape of the curves predicted by the model fit well. In addition, the model parameters seem to explain quantitatively and qualitatively the distribution of the AE signals as the material approaches the macroscopic fracture. Moreover, some of these parameters correlate with anthropometric variables, such as age or Body Mass Index. The proposed model could be used to predict the structural failure of ribs subjected to bending.

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Micromechanics fracture in osteonal cortical bone: A study of the interactions between microcrack propagation, microstructure and the material properties

Cited by 74 publications

References 25 publications

Modelling of bone fracture and strength at different length scales: a review

Modelling of bone fracture and strength at different length scales: a review

Analysis of micro fracture in human Haversian cortical bone under compression

A predictive model for fracture in human ribs based on in vitro acoustic emission data

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