Milk Thistle,<i>Silybum marianum</i>(L.) Gaertn., Flower Head Development and Associated Marker Compound Profile

Carrier, Danielle Julie; Crowe, T. G.; Sokhansanj, Shahab; Wahab, J.; Barl, B.

doi:10.1300/j044v10n01_08

Cited by 48 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Dyduch and Najda [6] found that brown seeds had a higher content of flavonolignans than beige and light brown seeds. The greatest content of silymarin in fully mature seeds confirmed also Martinelli et al [4], Carrier et al [5], Martin et al [7] and Elwekeel et al [8].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…seeds on their quality for sowing Milk thistle seed germination at the first and final counts in all examined samples was low because of the high percentage of diseased seedlings and dead seeds (tab. [3][4][5][6]. In sample I, germination at the first count of beige seeds was significantly higher than brown and non-graded seeds.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, the determination of the most appropiate time of harvest is an important but difficult element of cultivation practice. A variation in seed colour during harvest occurs very often because of uneven flowering and seed ripening [4,5]. Dyduch and Najda [6] found that brown seeds had a higher content of flavonolignans than beige and light brown seeds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental Paper. The effect of colour grading of milk thistle (Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn.) seeds on their quality for sowing

2017

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S u m m a r yIntroduction: Milk thistle (Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn.) is a medicinal plant belonging to Asteraceae family. Extract from milk thistle achenes (termed in practice as seeds) contains sylimarin, which protects liver cells against inorganic and organic toxic compounds. Objective: The aim of the research was to evaluate the effect of colour grading on the quality of milk thistle seeds. Methods: Seeds were graded manually by colour according to the Royal Horticultural Society Colour Chart, issued in Great Britain. In three samples two fractions of seeds were separated: beige and brown, whereas seeds of the fourth sample were graded into three fractions: yellow, beige and brown. The 1000-seed weight and germination of graded and non-graded seeds were evaluated. Infestation of graded seeds with fungi was assessed. Results: Brown seeds had a higher 1000-seed weight than beige or yellow ones. Germination at the final count of beige seeds did not differ as compared to that of brown seeds or was even better. Milk thistle seeds were infested with numerous fungi, however Alternaria alternata and Ulocladium consortiale predominated. Conclusions: Less mature beige seeds can be used as sowing material because their germination at the final count did not differ as compared to that of fully

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental Paper. The effect of colour grading of milk thistle (Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn.) seeds on their quality for sowing

2017

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“…4,5 This particular plant which can reach heights of two meters has dark shiny green leaves with spiny scalloped edges, purple to reddish purple flowers, and an indeterminate growth habit that results in staggered flowering and maturity. 6 Milk thistle is a serious weed in many areas of North and South America, Africa, Australasia, and the Middle East . 7 The pharmaceutical compound of milk thistle is derived from its fruits, which are achene's (Fructus silybi mariani).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Silybum marianum Seed through Fatty Acids Comparison, Peroxide Tests, Refractive Index and Oil Percentage

Nasrollahi¹,

Talebi²,

Nemati³

2016

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In this study, milk thistle seeds were collected from four regions of Iran (Ahvaz, Lorestan, Kazeroon and Zarghan). The oil extracted from seeds of plant using n-hexane solvent extraction soxhlet. The extracted oil was analyzed by gas chromatography and fatty acids were identified in all four samples. In all four samples, the oil refractive index of Milk thistle oil fatty acids vis. Linoleic acid, Oleic acid, Palmitic acid was evaluated. The Peroxide test and determination of oil percentage was performed in Milk thistle seed oil.

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“…In addition, there is an increase in interest to know and verify the benefits of medicinal plants, which has led to the development of research to describe the cure of diseases (Martínez, 2006;Carrier et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical standardization of hydroalcoholic extracts of ishpingo, Ocotea quixos (Lam.) Kosterm

Mosquera¹,

Parra²,

Flor³

et al. 2017

J. Med. Plants Res.

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Investigations have proved the presence of components such as cinamaldehyde, cinamyl acetate and phenolic compounds in Ocotea quixos, these components have been attributed to antimicrobial disinfectants, antifungal and healing activities. It is important to point out that, to evaluate any biological activity, it is necessary to have standardized extracts to obtain reliable and reproducible results. The present investigation consist of standardizer hydroalcoholic extracts of ishpingo, O. quixos, evaluating the influence of three experimental variables: vegetal material (fresh and dry), solvent (ethanol and cane ethanol) and solvent concentration (90, 70 and 50%) v/v through an experimental factorial design, from which 12 different extracts with 3 repetitions of each were obtained. The extracts were obtained through a percolation process considering the variables of the experimental design. A phytochemical screening showed the presence of polyphenols, tannins, catechins, saponins, quinones, coumarins, lactones and alkaloids in the 36 extracts; the Folin-Ciocalteu method was used in order to quantitatively determine the total phenol concentration and, by statistical analysis ANOVA (Tukey 95%), it was proved that there is a significant difference between the 12 established treatments where the extracts with the highest quantity of polyphenols are AMF50:50 (alcohol, fresh material, concentration 50% v/v) and CMF90:10 (cane alcohol, fresh material, concentration 90% v/v) with 12,538 and 13, 298 mg of gallic acid / mL of extract, respectively; concluding that, this last combination obtain greater quantity of total polyphenols following the established standardized protocol.

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Milk Thistle,Silybum marianum(L.) Gaertn., Flower Head Development and Associated Marker Compound Profile

Cited by 48 publications

References 5 publications

Experimental Paper. The effect of colour grading of milk thistle (Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn.) seeds on their quality for sowing

Experimental Paper. The effect of colour grading of milk thistle (Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn.) seeds on their quality for sowing

Study on Silybum marianum Seed through Fatty Acids Comparison, Peroxide Tests, Refractive Index and Oil Percentage

Phytochemical standardization of hydroalcoholic extracts of ishpingo, Ocotea quixos (Lam.) Kosterm

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