“…However, related literature on learning and motivation has suggested that employee variables affect performance in a non-linear fashion. For example, learning is non-linear (Ang, Quek, Teo, & Liu, 1999;Argote, Beckman, & Epple, 1990;Baloff, 1971;Givons & Horsky, 1990;Little, 1979;Yelle, 1979). Similarly, the literature on motivation has also suggested non-linear performance-motivation relationships where performance first increases with motivation but then could decrease at high levels of motivation (Birch, 1945;McClelland, 195 1;Patrick, 1934;Vroom, 1964;Yerkes & Dodson, 1908).…”