Monitoring Degradation of Dicarboximidic Fungicide Residues in Soils

Abstract

Iprodione, procymidone, and vinclozolin are dicarboximidic fungicides commonly used in preharvest viticulture treatments to prevent gray mold (Botrytis) and other fungal diseases. The aim of this study is to determine the degradation of these fungicides in five vineyard soils of Penedès after three treatments at 100-day intervals with commercial formulations under laboratory conditions. The analyses were conducted over a period beginning the same day of each treatment and lasting for up to 77 days afterward. In these conditions, the degradation rates of all three fungicides increased with the number of applications. Times elapsed to 90% degradation of iprodione, procymidone, and vinclozolin following first, second, and third treatments were about 35, 21, and 7 days, respectively. No residues were found at 77 days. These results showed that the residual levels of these three fungicides in soils decreased with time. Keywords: Iprodione; procymidone; vinclozolin; dicarboximidic fungicides; residues; soils

Quick gas chromatographic method for determining common pesticides in musts and wines

“…Pesticide contents of the samples are shown in Table IV. These results match those reported in the literature [8,17]. On account of its simplicity and rapidity, the method seems to be adequate for oenological laboratory work.…”

“…Extract of spiked wine with 40 ng m1-1 vinclozolin (5), chlozolinate (6), procymidone (7), iprodione (8) and dieldrin (9). Separation on SPB-5 Column.…”

“…The determination of residual levels of pesticides in foods has been reviewed by Bushway [5] and Start [6]. Many analytical methods are available for determining these residues in wine including both gas chromatography (GC) [7][8][9][10][11] and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [12][13], but only a few pesticides can be detected simultaneously. Nevertheless, a multiresidue determination of 15 pesticides has been carried out by RP-HPLC with UV detection [14], while a multiresidue GC method for determining 74 pesticides has also been proposed [9], using a phenylmethylsilicone capillary column with ECD and NPD detectors.…”

White rot (Sclerotium cepivorum Berk) - an aggressive pest of onion and garlic in Ethiopia: An overview

“…The use of such fungicides has been important because it allows fields otherwise unusable for Allium cultivation to return to productive use. In addition to limited effectiveness, the phenomenon of enhanced degradation of dicarboximide fungicides by resident soil micro-organisms has been detected in fields where such fungicides have been used regularly, with some research identifying a 90% loss of dicarboximide fungicides in soils pre-treated with them within 7 days (Garcia-Cazorla and Xirau-Vayreda, 2005). With the number of sites where onions and garlic can be readily grown so small, and the proportion of those sites infested with white rot increasing, the gradual selection of soil microbes capable of enhanced degradation of dicarboximide fungicides in those soils (Athiel et al, 1995) makes the use of such fungicides ultimately a finite solution (Clarkson et al, 2002).…”

Determination of pesticide residues in red wines with microporous membrane liquid–liquid extraction and gas chromatography

“…Generally, these determinations are carried out by gas chromatography (GC) or liquid chromatography (LC) [3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16]. Prior to the chromatographic separation, an efficient sample pretreatment is required.…”