2002
DOI: 10.1007/s00216-002-1242-x
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Determination of pesticide residues in red wines with microporous membrane liquid–liquid extraction and gas chromatography

Abstract: A sample pretreatment method based on microporous membrane liquid-liquid extraction (MMLLE) was developed for the subsequent gas chromatographic determination of pesticides in wine. MMLLE provided efficient and selective extraction with enrichment factors in the range 3-13. The gas chromatographic separation was carried out using on-column injection and flame ionization detection. The method was linear, repeatable and sensitive. The limits of quantification were better than 0.006 mg/L for all the analytes exce… Show more

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Cited by 40 publications
(17 citation statements)
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“…However, to avoid formation of bubbles in the acceptor and donor solvents, the temperature should be considerably below 100°C. The bubbling of the acceptor solvent in MMLLE has been observed to begin at about 20°C below its boiling point [41]. It is also advisable to keep the temperature below 100°C because of the thermolability of the membrane material.…”
Section: Effect Of Temperature In the Coupled Phwe-mmllementioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, to avoid formation of bubbles in the acceptor and donor solvents, the temperature should be considerably below 100°C. The bubbling of the acceptor solvent in MMLLE has been observed to begin at about 20°C below its boiling point [41]. It is also advisable to keep the temperature below 100°C because of the thermolability of the membrane material.…”
Section: Effect Of Temperature In the Coupled Phwe-mmllementioning
confidence: 99%
“…As regards sample preparation, SPE [3,4], SPME, stir bar sorptive extraction [5], microporous membrane LLE [6], PLE [7], dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction [8][9][10], and QuEChERS [9,10] are some of the many sample preparation techniques used for the extraction of pesticides and sample cleanup. Matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) is also employed for the determination of pesticide residues in foodstuff [11] since it offers an excellent alternative to conventional sample preparation techniques.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Gas chromatography (GC) with various detectors including flame ionization detector (FID) [13,14], electron capture (ECD) [15], nitrogen-phosphorus detection (NPD) [15,16], mass spectrometric detector (MS) [7,8,17], tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) [5], capillary liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detection (cHPLC-DAD) [3], ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography coupled to MS/MS (UHPLC-MS/MS) [4] and liquid chromatography with MS/MS (LC-MS/MS) [18] have been used for determination of pesticides residues in wine. UHPLC-MS/MS [4], GC-ECD, GC-MS [19] and LC-MS/MS [20] were reported for determination of pesticide residues in beer [20].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, SPME is expensive, uses fragile and easily broken fibres, has limited lifetime and sometimes sample carry-over could be a problem [23]. Other sample preparation methods such as supported liquid membrane (SLM) [9], microporous membrane liquid-liquid extraction (MMLLE) [13,14], hollow-fibre liquid phase microextraction (HF-LPME) [4], ultrasound-vortex-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (USVA-DLLME) [16], dispersive liquidliquid microextraction (DLLME) [6] and quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe (QuEChERS) [6] as well as dispersive solid-phase extraction (d-SPE) [17] have also been reported for analysis of pesticide multiresidues in alcoholic beverages. Though, these procedures are relatively simple, rapid, cheap and attractive alternative for sample preparation, they are still demanding special equipment, reagents and/or toxic organic solvents.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%