“…The Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) approach will be incorporated to identify the potential damage, effects, and impacts on the ship. FMEA is widely used in various engineering fields, particularly in assessing the production systems of manufacturing activities (I Pamungkas & Dirhamsyah, 2019;Rastayesh et al, 2019;Yucesan et al, 2021). LTA has been widely used in various problems, such as minimizing the risk of natural disasters (Bommer & Scherbaum, 2008;Porter et al, 2017;Satake et al, 2007), machine maintenance problem management (Tang et al, 2015;Waghen & Ouali, 2019, and operational hazard risk (Abdelgawad & Fayek, 2012;Akyuz et al, 2020;Ramzali et al, 2015).…”