Morphology of rubbly pahoehoe (simple) flows from the Deccan Volcanic Province: Implications for style of emplacement

Duraiswami, Raymond A.; Bondre, Ninad; Managave, Shreyas

doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2008.01.048

Cited by 87 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The sizes of the scoria cones are similar to other scoria cones worldwide, with landform features such as partial flank collapse, partial rehealing or lava spatter collar-preserved erosional features that are common elsewhere [24][25][26]. The lava flow fields host spectacular lava surface textures ( Figure 2C), such as slabby/rubbly pahoehoe [27], shelly pahoehoe [28] or transitional pahoehoe-to-aa lava textures [29] with tumuli [30,31], and inflation and deflation features [28] or extensive lava tubes. Lava tubes are exceptional features of the Harrat Kishb and significant geosites, they have been systematically studied and recorded to in a comprehensive database [32][33][34].…”

Section: Harrat Kishbmentioning

confidence: 53%

Geoheritage values of one of the largest maar craters in the Arabian Peninsula: the Al Wahbah Crater and other volcanoes (Harrat Kishb, Saudi Arabia)

et al. 2013

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Al Wahbah Crater is one of the largest and deepest Quaternary maar craters in the Arabian Peninsula. It is NW-SE-elongated, ∼2.3 km wide, ∼250 m deep and surrounded by an irregular near-perpendicular crater wall cut deeply into the Proterozoic diorite basement. Very few scientific studies have been conducted on this unique site, especially in respect to understanding the associated volcanic eruption processes. Al Wahbah and adjacent large explosion craters are currently a research subject in an international project, Volcanic Risk in Saudi Arabia (VORiSA). The focus of VORiSA is to characterise the volcanic hazards and eruption mechanisms of the vast volcanic fields in Western Saudi Arabia, while also defining the unique volcanic features of this region for use in future geoconservation, geoeducation and geotourism projects. Al Wahbah is inferred to be a maar crater that formed due to an explosive interaction of magma and water. The crater is surrounded by a tephra ring that consists predominantly of base surge deposits accumulated over a pre-maar scoria cone and underlying multiple lava flow units. The tephra ring acted as an obstacle against younger lava flows that were diverted along the margin of the tephra ring creating unique lava flow surface textures that recorded inflation and deflation processes along the margin of the post-maar lava flow. Al Wahbah is a unique geological feature that is not only a dramatic landform but also a site that can promote our understanding of complex phreatomagmatic monogenetic volcanism. The complex geological features perfectly preserved at Al Wahbah makes this site as an excellent geotope and a potential centre of geoeducation programs that could lead to the establishment of a geopark in the broader area at the Kishb Volcanic Field.

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Section: Harrat Kishbmentioning

confidence: 53%

Geoheritage values of one of the largest maar craters in the Arabian Peninsula: the Al Wahbah Crater and other volcanoes (Harrat Kishb, Saudi Arabia)

et al. 2013

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“…Their emplacement represents a fundamental change in eruption style from earlier eruptions of more typical pāhoehoe and thin rubbly pāhoehoe lava, characteristic of the lower Kalkarindji succession. The closest modern analogue to these flows are from Laki, Iceland (Guilbaud et al, 2005) and even rarer examples documented in CFBPs from Columbia River (Guilbaud, 2006) and Deccan (Duraiswami et al, 2008(Duraiswami et al, , 2014.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Giant Lavas of Kalkarindji: rubbly pāhoehoe lava in an ancient continental flood basalt province

Marshall

Widdowson

Murphy

2016

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

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The Kalkarindji continental flood basalt province of northern Australia erupted in the mid Cambrian . It now consists of scattered basaltic lava fields, the most extensive being the Antrim Plateau Volcanics (APV) -a semi-continuous outcrop (c. 50,000 km 2 ) reaching a maximum thickness of 1.1 km. Cropping out predominately in the SW of the APV, close to the top of the basalt succession, lies the Blackfella Rockhole Member (BRM). Originally described as 'basaltic agglomerate' the BRM has, in recent years, been assumed to be explosive tephra of phreatomagmatic origin, thus providing a potent vehicle for volatile release to the upper atmosphere. Our detailed field investigations reveal that this basaltic agglomerate is, in reality, giant rubble collections (15 -20 m thick) forming the upper crusts of rubbly pāhoehoe lava units 25 -40 m thick; covering 18,000 -72,000 km 2 and an estimated volume of 1,500 -19,200 km 3 . These flows, rheologically but not chemically, distinct from the majority of Kalkarindji lavas, indicate a fundamental change in eruption dynamics. A low volatile content, induced high amounts of pre-eruptive degassing causing super-cooling and an increase in crystal nucleation and viscosity. A more viscous lava and a consistently faster rate of effusion (analogous to that of Laki, Iceland) created the flow dynamics necessary to disturb the lava crust to the extent seen in the BRM. Volatile release is estimated at 1.65 × 10 4 -2.11 × 10 5 Tg total CO2 at a rate of 867 Tg a -1 and 9.07 × 10 3 -1.16 × 10 5 Tg SO2 at 476.50 Tg a -1 . These masses accounted for 0.5% of Cambrian atmospheric conditions whilst limiting factors reduced the effect of volatile delivery to the atmosphere, thus any potential global impact caused by these flows alone was minimal.

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“…Flows with features transitional between pahoehoe and 'a'ā, including slabby pahoehoe (Duraiswami et al, 2003) and rubbly pahoehoe (Keszthelyi and Thordarson, 2000;Duraiswami et al, 2008), constitute the upper part of the Debed River basalt sequence. They are well exposed on the road to Odzun village situated on the plateau top ( Fig.…”

Section: Slabby Pahoehoe and Rubbly Pahoehoe Flowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intracanyon basalt lavas of the Debed River (northern Armenia), part of a Pliocene–Pleistocene continental flood basalt province in the South Caucasus

Sheth

Meliksetian

Gevorgyan

et al. 2015

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

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Morphology of rubbly pahoehoe (simple) flows from the Deccan Volcanic Province: Implications for style of emplacement

Cited by 87 publications

References 41 publications

Geoheritage values of one of the largest maar craters in the Arabian Peninsula: the Al Wahbah Crater and other volcanoes (Harrat Kishb, Saudi Arabia)

Geoheritage values of one of the largest maar craters in the Arabian Peninsula: the Al Wahbah Crater and other volcanoes (Harrat Kishb, Saudi Arabia)

The Giant Lavas of Kalkarindji: rubbly pāhoehoe lava in an ancient continental flood basalt province

Intracanyon basalt lavas of the Debed River (northern Armenia), part of a Pliocene–Pleistocene continental flood basalt province in the South Caucasus

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