Multimodal Single-Entity Electrochemical Fluoride Sensor for Fuel Cell Membrane Degradation Diagnostics

Abstract

To the best of our knowledge, very few works have been done on the continuous real-time monitoring of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) membrane degradation based on fluoride-specific electrochemical microsensors. PEMFCs are eco-smart energy sources for efficient transportation but experience variable degradation rates that wear the membrane electrode assembly (MEA), a critical component of the fuel cell's functionality. Current market options lack specific diagnostics and legitimate indication of when exactly the membrane must be replaced. As such, this work focused on manufacturing a sensor for measuring MEA degradation in real-time by selectively monitoring fluoride concentration in effluent water, a signature PEMFCs degradation status, through functionalized LaF3:(Au nanoparticle) thin films (~60 nm). The sensor’s exceptional specificity/sensitivity has been achieved in real-time at a sub 10 ppb level, optimized through spin-coating deposition and post-annealing process. Its multimodal readout has been achieved and studied through the characterizations of open circuit potential, cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry and differential pulse voltammetry, revealing a consistent linear decrease of 15.7 mA/cm2 at 0 ppb to 10.2 mA/cm2, while also maintaining its low-cost, small size, and robustness.

Synergetic Effect of CeO2 Doping on Structural and Tribological Behavior of Fe-Al2O3 Metal Matrix Nanocomposites

“…18,19 Lopez et al work focussed on assembling a sensor for estimating MEA degradation continuously by specifically checking fluoride focus in effluent water, a mark PEMFCs debasement status, through functionalized LaF 3 :(Au nanoparticle) thin films (∼60 nm). 20 The mass creation capacity managed the cost. In another study it was found that 3D-printing offers an interesting and captivating manufacture convention for growing minimal expense sensors which could be integrated rapidly and consistently by drug organizations or local area-based drug stores.…”

Preparation of Electrochemical Sensor for Paracetamol Detection Based on a New Piperazine Substituted Triazole-Coumarin Hybrid Doped PEDOT Modified Flexible HOPG Electrode

“…5 Expensive and time-consuming chromatographic systems and the need for trained personnel are among the barriers to the widespread use of these methods. [6][7][8][9] The development of simpler and faster analytical methods is important for the sensitive detection of pharmaceuticals such as paracetamol. 10 Electrochemical sensors, which can be used as an alternative application, have been frequently used in the detection and determination of pharmaceuticals in recent years due to their ease of preparation, portability, low cost and high accuracy.…”

Novel (E)−2-((1-(thiophen-2-yl)ethylidene)-amino) phenol Manganese(II) as an Ionophore Based on Thiocyanate-Selective Electrodes and Its Applications

“…In the event that thiocyanate ion in human body is higher than ordinary, protein dialysis may be influenced and this can bring about in coma. [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] This makes selective thiocyanate determinations especially in biological fluids is an important issue. 24 ISEs for monitoring SCN − ion have been suggested, thiocyanate selective solid state electrodes showed a large interference from S 2− and I − .…”