Multivalent Polyanionic 2D Nanosheets Functionalized Nanofibrous Stem Cell‐based Neural Scaffolds

Abstract

Because developed neural cells are no longer regenerative and proliferative, achieving neural regenerations by using induced pluripotent stem cells (IPS cells) for nerve diseases have recently attracted much attention. Since the IPS cells’ growth and differentiation can be manipulated by different physical and chemicals cues, scaffolds combining the beneficial nanostructures and extracellular matrix may become an ideal interface to promote IPS cells’ neural differentiation. In this work, a biocompatible and multivalent polyanion, hyperbranched polyglycerol sulfate, is used to modify the graphene oxide to obtain bio‐adhesive 2D nanosheets. After coating electrospinning nanofibers, the 2D nanosheets‐functionalized nanofibrous scaffolds are applied to mediate the proliferation, lineage specification, and neural differentiation of IPS cells. The results suggest that the modified scaffolds can improve the adhesion and proliferation of IPS cells combined with high efficiency in maintaining their stemness. During the neural differentiation process, the scaffolds can promote neural differentiation and their maturity, meanwhile decreasing the lineage specification toward astrocyte. Overall, this study not only provides new multivalent/bio‐adhesive nanofibrous scaffolds that integrate the chemical and physical cues to facilitate the targeted neural differentiation of IPS cells but also presents a novel pathway for the fabrication of carbon nanomaterials‐based biocomposites in regenerative therapies.

Biocatalytic and Antioxidant Nanostructures for ROS Scavenging and Biotherapeutics

“…Therefore, ROS scavenging biocatalytic and antioxidant nanostructures can be used in implanted stem‐cell protection. [ 218,219 ] A previous study has utilized GO flakes to save and protect the implanted MSCs from loss of cell‐extracellular matrix (ECM) interaction induced by ROS, thus increasing the survival of MSCs ( Figure A). [ 220 ] First, they proved that ECM proteins absorbed on GO flakes induced the expression of integrin β1 for MSC adhesion to GO flakes and prevented apoptotic signaling.…”

ROS‐Catalytic Transition‐Metal‐Based Enzymatic Nanoagents for Tumor and Bacterial Eradication

“…[14][15][16] During the last few years, a large number of ROSbased EnzNAs have been constructed based on carbon, [17][18][19] organic molecules, [20] metal, [14,21,22] metal compounds, [23][24][25][26] and meta-organic framework (MOF). [27,28] Recently, transition-metal-based enzymatic nanoagents (TM-EnzNAs) have been intensively explored due to the special d-orbital electron of transition metal, [29][30][31][32][33][34] which become powerful nanoplatforms and exciting research frontiers in constructing nextgeneration nanotherapeutics to combat drug-resistant tumor and bacteria. [32,35,36] Although several comprehensive reviews about EnzNA have been reported, some of them focused on the detailed materials and enzyme-like activities along with their biomedical applications.…”

Heparinized anticoagulant coatings based on polyphenol-amine inspired chemistry for blood-contacting catheters

“…22,23 According to various immobilization methods of heparin, activating inert catheter materials such as polyurethane is a key issue for surface modification. A series of strategies have been performed to enrich the surface with active functional groups such as hydroxyl, amine, carboxyl or sulfhydryl groups, mainly including plasma treatment/polymerization, [24][25][26][27] surface grafting and silanization. [28][29][30][31][32] However, the application of these strategies involving multiple steps or specific devices remains controversial in terms of in vivo biocompatibility or clinical practice.…”