Diamond is a material made famous by its rarity, beauty and hardness. Historically, this led to its use almost exclusively in jewellery, yet over the last two decades an increasing number of industrial applications have been developed utilising specifically engineered, volume produced, synthetic diamond. Due to its range of extreme properties it has offered access to applications that were previously not viable. This has been particularly true in the optical applications of microwave powered chemical vapour deposition (MW-CVD) diamond, where, in the last few years, diamond parts have been shown to offer significant improvements over incumbent material solutions.