Near-Infrared Chemiluminescent Probe for Real-Time Monitoring Singlet Oxygen in Cells and Mice Model

Abstract

Singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ) plays a vital role in metabolism. However, because of its extremely high reactivity and short-lived state, the in vivo detection of 1 O 2 is challenging. To address this issue, for the first time, we herein constructed a nearinfrared (NIR) chemiluminescent probe (CL-SO) by caging the precursor of phenoxy-dioxetane scaffolds and a dicyanomethylchromone acceptor for selective 1 O 2 detection. This probe can detect 1 O 2 in vitro with a tremendous turn-on chemiluminescence signal in the NIR region (700 nm) and image intracellular 1 O 2 produced by the photosensitizer during the simulated action of photodynamic therapy (PDT). Notably, 1 O 2 level changes in the abdominal cavity and tumor of the various mice model under different stimulations and PDT action were effectively monitored by CL-SO, providing a novel chemiluminescence imaging platform to explore 1 O 2 generation in PDT-associated applications.

Chemiluminescent Probes Based on 1,2‐Dioxetane Structures For Bioimaging

“…Short‐emitting chemiluminescent probes hinder the in‐depth application of in vivo imaging. In order to obtain NIR luminophores, in 2020, the same group reported another 1,2‐dioxetane chemiluminescent probe 3 ( CL‐SO ) that can recognize 1 O 2 [18] . It contains a dicyano‐methylchromone (DCMC) as an NIR fluorophore added to the ortho position of phenol.…”

“…(C) After simultaneous injection of photosensitizer MB and probe 3 during PDT, changes in FL and CL signals of mice over time. Reproduced with permission [18] . Copyright 2020, American Chemical Society.…”

Accelerated antibacterial red-carbon dots with photodynamic therapy against multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii

“…Cell viability assay COS-7 cells were incubated in 90% Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium (Gibico) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) (Gibico) and 1% antibiotics (100 U mL −1 penicillin and 100 µg mL −1 streptomycin, Hyclone) in an atmosphere of 37°C and 5% CO 2 [33,50,51]. COS-7 cells were cultured in 96-well plates with the density of 5 × 10 3 cells per well and incubated for 24 h. The cells were incubated with R-CDs (0, 10, 20, 30 ,40, 50, and 100 µg mL −1 ) for 12 h in dark.…”

Activatable Chemiluminescent Molecular Probes for Bioimaging and Biosensing

“…Based on the above basic research, the researchers designed and synthesized various chemiluminescence probes based on Schaap's dioxetane for biological application (Fig- ure 6), such as sensing enzymes (β-galactosidase (68-72), [82,91,33] cathepsin B (73), NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase-1 (74), alkaline phosphatase (75), [92,93,35] prostate specific antigen (76), [94] granzyme B (77), [95] H 2 O 2 (78, 79, 80), [91,35,96] azanone (81), [97] formaldehyde (82, 83), [37] H 2 S (84), [34] GSH (85), [35] F À (86), [36] ONOO À (87) [98] and 1 O 2 (88). [99] The corresponding chemiluminescence properties are presented in the Table 2.…”