“…Many kinases have been associated with G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling, but relatively few protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) have been associated with GPCRs, and little is known about their role in GPCR signaling; however, reports have established the involvement of both membrane-bound and cytosolic PTPs, with a few GPCRs having consequences in neurotransmitter signaling (Lopez et al, 1997;Florio et al, 1999;Tsai et al, 1999;Ferjoux et al, 2003;McCole et al, 2007;Lee et al, 2013), mitogenic events (Rivard et al, 1995;Yu et al, 1997;Marrero et al, 1998;Duchene et al, 2002;Vatinel et al, 2006), cell migration, and tissue remodelling (Wang et al, 2009;Bakken et al, 2010). In addition, SHP-1, PTPRC, and PTPRJ play a role in inflammatory events through their effects on the chemokine receptor CXCR4 in lymphoid and myeloid cells (Kim et al, 1999;Vila-Coro et al, 1999;Ngai et al, 2009;Patrussi et al, 2014) and neutrophil fMLP receptor signaling (Zhu et al, 2011). Nevertheless, known PTPs acting downstream of GPCR signaling are relatively few, considering the high number of GPCR family members and the more than 100 distinct PTP genes (Alonso et al, 2004).…”