The Primary Care Professional Valorization Program (Provab) and the More Doctors Program are different strategies that were adopted simultaneously by the Brazilian Ministry of Health to tackle the lack of primary care physicians in the Brazilian National Health System (SUS), and they have the converging objective of recruiting Brazilians to work in vulnerable areas around the country. Throughout its more than 25-year existence, the Brazilian National Health System (SUS) has faced continuous challenges in asserting its constitutional guideline of universal access to health all over the Brazilian territory. Even with the legal landmark created by the 1988 Federal Constitution 1 , and the subsequent health regulation in the Organic Health Law of 1990, inequalities in the provision of health services lingered between citizens who live in places with infrastructure and specialized manpower available and those who are totally or partially without health care.During the 1900s, in order to circumvent the severe lack of basic services that afflicts citizens across the country, especially in rural areas and suburbs of large cities, the government bet on the expansion of basic health services by means of financial incentives offered to municipalities that adopted the program, currently called the Family Health Strategy (FHS), which put community health agents, nurses and doctors on the front line. Unlike community health agents and nurses, which showed vigorous growth in numbers in local health systems, physicians ran counter to this expansion, which ended up penalizing regions of greater social vulnerability.Literature addressing the reasons for this great difficulty in attracting and retaining physicians outside richer and more urbanized places has already pointed to some of the factors that have had the most have an influence on their decision 2-5 . High fiscal instability of municipal budgets and insecure employment contracts, territorial concentration of medical schools and medical residency vacancies, poor working and living conditions for physicians and their families, and professional isolation with lower chances of specializing and progressing in their careers have all contributed to the difficulty of getting physicians to settle and have led to high turnover in some locations, hampering the consolidation of a care model that follows the guidelines proposed by the Ministry of Health for effective and qualified primary care service based on comprehensiveness.In view of this prolonged care deficit in vulnerable regions, the Ministry of Health has tried to reverse the situation since the 1990s by launching several initiatives Provab was launched by the Ministry of Health in 2011 (MH Decree n 2.087) and, since its creation, it has prescribed on-site and distance learning incentives, such as supervision by professional bound to a teaching institution and a family health specialization course promoted by the Open University of the SUS. This initiative bet on reversing professional isolation and strengthening specialtie...