Obesity Prevalence and Associated Socio-Demographic Characteristics and Health Behaviors in Russia and Norway

Abstract

Associations between obesity and socio-demographic and behavioral characteristics vary between populations. Exploring such differences should throw light on factors related to obesity. We examined associations between general obesity (GO, defined by body mass index) and abdominal obesity (AO, defined by waist-to-hip ratio) and sex, age, socio-economic characteristics (education, financial situation, marital status), smoking and alcohol consumption in women and men aged 40–69 years from the Know Your Heart study (KYH, Russia, N = 4121, 2015–2018) and the seventh Tromsø Study (Tromsø7, Norway, N = 17,646, 2015–2016). Age-standardized prevalence of GO and AO was higher in KYH compared to Tromsø7 women (36.7 vs. 22.0% and 44.2 vs. 18.4%, respectively) and similar among men (26.0 vs. 25.7% and 74.8 vs. 72.2%, respectively). The positive association of age with GO and AO was stronger in KYH vs. Tromsø7 women and for AO it was stronger in men in Tromsø7 vs. KYH. Associations between GO and socio-economic characteristics were similar in KYH and Tromsø7, except for a stronger association with living with spouse/partner in KYH men. Smoking had a positive association with AO in men in Tromsø7 and in women in both studies. Frequent drinking was negatively associated with GO and AO in Tromsø7 participants and positively associated with GO in KYH men. We found similar obesity prevalence in Russian and Norwegian men but higher obesity prevalence in Russian compared to Norwegian women. Other results suggest that the stronger association of obesity with age in Russian women is the major driver of the higher obesity prevalence among them compared to women in Norway.

Agreement between bioimpedance analysis and ultrasound scanning in body composition assessment

“…According to epidemiological studies of obesity conducted in Russia using locally manufactured equipment around 20% of males and 30% of females are obese and the prevalence is increasing with age (Kholmatova et al, 2022). Prevalence of general obesity along with morbid obesity is dramatically increased among adolescents and young adults from Russian Federation.…”

Prevalence of metabolic phenotypes among citizens of Arctic area of the Russian Federation (in Arkhangelsk city setting)

“…Несмотря на то что точных молекулярно-генетических механизмов не описано, имеется несколько логичных теорий. Во-первых, для мужчин более характерно абдоминальное перераспределение жира, что сопровождается более выраженной инсулинорезистентностью и ранним формированием метаболических нарушений [20]. Во-вторых, различия в гормональном фоне дольше защищают женщин от развития ассоциированных с ожирением заболеваний.…”

Peningkatan Kesadaran Masyarakat untuk Berolahraga melalui Kegiatan Jalan Sehat dan Penyuluhan Kesehatan pada Kelompok Pra Lansia dan Lansia Dasa Wisma Flamboyan 2 Kelurahan Tlogosari Kulon

“…IMT didapatkan dari rumus berat badan dalam kg: (tinggi badan dalam m) 2 . Beberapa tahun belakangan ini obesitas di seluruh dunia meningkat 3.2% -10.8% pada laki-laki dan 6.4% -14.9% pada perempuan, meskipun terjadi perbaikan dalam indikator perbaikan kesehatan seperti meningkatnya angka harapan hidup atau menurunnya angka kematian orang dewasa (Kholmatova et al, 2022). Obesitas merupakan faktor risiko berbagai macam penyakit seperti diabetes, hipertensi, penyakit kardiovaskular (Usmanov et al, 2022), penyakit ginjal kronis, kanker (De Pergola & Silvestris, 2013;Iyengar et al, 2016;Kabat et al, 2017), infeltilitas (Broughton & Moley, 2017), osteoporosis (Rinonapoli et al, 2021), dan sebaginya.…”

“…Peningkatan global prevalensi obesitas terkait juga dengan perubahan sosial ekonomi misalnya perilaku (Brazil et al, 2021), tingkat pendidikan, pekerjaan (Usmanov et al, 2022) atau penghasilan (Kholmatova et al, 2022). Studi terbaru menemukan hubungan obesitas dan gaya hidup tidak sehat seperti konsumsi makanan tinggi lemak dan tinggi gula, durasi tidur yang lebih pendek, merokok, konsumsi makanan ringan yang tinggi, konsumsi makanan cepat saji yang tinggi, konsumsi buah dan sayuran yang rendah, dan pergeseran dari pola makan sehat tradisional ke pola makan modern yang tidak sehat (Usmanov et al, 2022).…”