Cryptococcal meningitis incidence has increased along with an increase in incidence of HIV-AIDS. This infection causes increased morbidity and mortality in patients with HIV-AIDS. A rapid diagnosis plays an important role to ensure a prompt therapy of the disease. The cryptococcal polysaccharide antigen test for diagnosis of meningitis is rapid but relatively expensive while culture is time consuming. A 47-year man was admitted to hospital with a headache, fever, nausea, and vomiting and a HIV history for the last 6 months. On physical examination, he was compos mentis, meningeal’s stimuli signs (+), where as on examination of craniales nerves, motor and sensibility was in a normal range. Routine blood was normal, 60 CD4 cells/mm3. Laboratory finding included a clowdy/turbid Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), low glucose level (CSF glucose 43 mg / dl vs. blood glucose 293 mg / dl), elevated protein concentration (137.1 mg / dl), and polymorphonuclear pleocytosis. India ink stain showed encapsulated yeasts. Cryptococcus sp is the only encapsulated yeast, while C. neoformans is the most common cause of Cryptococcosis in patients with HIV-AIDS. The patient was diagnosed with Cryptococcal meningitis by indian ink staining, and immediately given anti-fungal theraphy.

Fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan merupakan lingkungan yang kompleks dan mengandung bervariasi mikroorganisme akan berisiko bagi pasien, petugas kesehatan dan pengunjung. General cleaning memiliki peran penting karena mengurangi jumlah mikroorganisme udara ruangan serta mengeliminasi rute transfer mikroorganisme. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan jumlah mikroorganisme udara ruangan sebelum dan setelah edukasi standar general cleaning kepada cleaning service Rumah Sakit Islam Sultan Agung Semarang. Tempat yang dilakukan pemeriksaan mikroorganisme udara ruangan sebanyak 13 yang meliputi area �high risk� dan �moderate risk� di Rumah Sakit Islam Sultan Agung Semarang. Pengurangan jumlah mikroroganisme udara ruangan sebelum dilakukan edukasi sebanyak 7 ruangan (53,8%). Pengurangan jumlah mikroroganisme udara ruangan setelah dilakukan edukasi standar general cleaning sebanyak 13 ruangan (100%). Mikroorganisme yang dominan pada udara ruangan adalah Coagulase Negatif Staphylococcus, Bacillus sp, Pseudomonas sp, Aspergillus sp. Hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah terdapat perbedaan signifikan dalam hal pengurangan jumlah mikroorganisme udara ruangan pre dan post edukasi dengan nilai p < 0,05 (p= 0,031). Jumlah ruangan yang memiliki hasil pengurangan jumlah mikroorganisme udara ruangan post edukasi lebih banyak dibandingkan pre edukasi. Kegiatan edukasi standar general cleaning meningkatkan pengetahuan petugas cleaning service sehingga dapat melakukan general cleaning yang optimal yang berdampak pada pengurangan jumlah mikroorganisme udara ruangan.Health care facilities are complex environments and contain a variety of microorganisms that pose a risk to patients, health workers and visitors. General cleaning has an important role because it reduces the number of microorganisms in the room air and eliminates the transmission route of microorganisms. The purpose of this activity was to determine the difference in the number of microorganisms in the room air before and after general cleaning standard education to the cleaning service of the Sultan Agung Islamic Hospital, Semarang. There were 13 places where room air microorganisms were examined which included �high risk� and �moderate risk� areas at Sultan Agung Islamic Hospital, Semarang. Reduction of the number of room air microorganisms before education was carried out by 7 rooms (53.8%). The reduction in the number of micro-organisms in room air after general cleaning standard education was carried out by 13 rooms (100%) (p = 0.03). The dominant microorganisms in room air are Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus, Bacillus sp, Pseudomonas sp, Aspergillus sp. The result of this community service activity is that there is a significant difference in terms of reducing the number of air microorganisms in the pre and post education room with a p value of < 0.05 (P = 0.031). The number of rooms that have the result of reducing the number of air microorganisms in the post-educational room is more than the pre-education. General cleaning standard education activities increase the knowledge of cleaning service officers so that they can perform optimal general cleaning which has an impact on reducing the number of microorganisms in the room air.

Acne vulgaris (AV) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the polysebaceous follicles of the skin. Lesions that can be caused by AV can be in the form of papules, pustules, modules, or comedones. Based on a preliminary study, many UNISSULA Medical Faculty students have AV and many use foundation. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the duration of using foundation and the incidence of AV in Unissula Medical Faculty students. This research is an observational study with a cross sectional design. The sample is a student of FK UNISSULA Class of 2019 and 2020 who uses a waterproof foundation. The exclusion criteria for the sample were students who had not passed the module, had many activities so that they slept < 6 hours, one week before the exam, one week before and during menstruation. There were 47 respondents of UNISSUA FK female students, 17 (36.2%) female students suffered from AV and 30 (63.8%) female students did not suffer from AV. The average duration of using waterproof foundation is 4.5 hours. The results of the analysis of the relationship between the duration of using the foundation and the incidence of AV using the Spearman test obtained p 0.001, with r -0.482. The conclusion in this study was that there was a relationship between the duration of using the foundation and the incidence of AV with a moderate correlation.

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) carries a high morbidity and mortality, however, its diagnosis can be difficult due to low concentration of bacteria in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Although increased CSF protein, decreased CSF glucose; cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pleocytosis with mononuclear cells predominance are commonly used to diagnose TB infection, they show inconsistent results.Objectives: To analyze the relationship between several characteristics of the CSF and TB meningitis.Methods: This is an observational research, with a cross sectional design, 27 patients with TB meningitis and or meningoencephalitis with Thwaites diagnostic score ≤ 4 obtained from mecidal records. The definitive diagnosis of TB meningitis was made using the Ziehl Neelsen (ZN) staining and or culture TB, or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification with the target in IS6110, Ziehl-Neelsen staining (ZN) culture method. Characteristics of CSF including increased CSF protein, decreased CSF glucose, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pleocytosis with mononuclear cells predominance and the CSF abnormalities were evaluated in the laboratory of molecular microbiology of Medical Faculty, Diponegoro University/dr Kariadi General Hospital, Semarang. The statistical analysis used was prevalent ratio (RP).Results: Over 27 patients, 12 (44.4%) were diagnosed with definite TB meningitis. Statistical analysis showed that prevalence ratio of the increased levels of protein CSF was 3.143 (95% CI: 0.502 to 19.692), decreased glucose levels was 1.750 (95% CI: 0.501 to 6.112), pleocytosis with a predominance of mononuclear cells was 2.5 (CI 95% : 1.238 to 5.048), whereas the CFS abnormality was RP 2.2 (95% CI: 1.087 to 4.454).Conclusion: This study has shown that pleocytosis with mononuclear cells predominance and CFS abnormalities have a positive relationship with definite TB meningitis.

Cryptococcal meningitis incidence has increased along with an increase in incidence of HIV-AIDS. This infection causes increased morbidity and mortality in patients with HIV-AIDS. A rapid diagnosis plays an important role to ensure a prompt therapy of the disease. The cryptococcal polysaccharide antigen test for diagnosis of meningitis is rapid but relatively expensive while culture is time consuming. A 47-year man was admitted to hospital with a headache, fever, nausea, and vomiting and a HIV history for the last 6 months. On physical examination, he was compos mentis, meningeal’s stimuli signs (+), where as on examination of craniales nerves, motor and sensibility was in a normal range. Routine blood was normal, 60 CD4 cells/mm3. Laboratory finding included a clowdy/turbid Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), low glucose level (CSF glucose 43 mg / dl vs. blood glucose 293 mg / dl), elevated protein concentration (137.1 mg / dl), and polymorphonuclear pleocytosis. India ink stain showed encapsulated yeasts. Cryptococcus sp is the only encapsulated yeast, while C. neoformans is the most common cause of Cryptococcosis in patients with HIV-AIDS. The patient was diagnosed with Cryptococcal meningitis by indian ink staining, and immediately given anti-fungal theraphy.