Ocorrência de mancha aureolada em cafeeiros na Região do Triângulo Mineiro e Alto Paranaíba

Abstract

A mancha aureolada do cafeeiro, causada por Pseudomonas syringae pv. garcae, pode provocar perdas de até 70% em viveiros e campos estabelecidos em regiões sujeitas a ventos fortes, temperaturas amenas, chuvas frequentes e bem distribuídas. Por meio de levantamento foi detectada a incidência frequente da mancha aureolada com severidade variável, alternando-se ao longo dos anos nas áreas serranas do Triângulo Mineiro e Alto Paranaíba, de topografia acidentada e altitudes superiores a 1000 metros, constituindo-se em sério problema, que pode inviabilizar o cultivo do cafeeiro naquelas áreas, devido à ameaça pela doença. Foi estabelecida uma zona bastante nítida quanto às condições favoráveis para ocorrência da mancha aureolada compreendendo os municípios de Serra do Salitre, Carmo do Paranaíba, Rio Paranaíba, São Gotardo e Tiros. Foi possível recuperar P. s. pv. garcae e P. cichorii de folhas sadias em diferentes estádios de desenvolvimento da planta, desde mudas até cafezais adultos e plenamente estabelecidos. A recuperação foi realizada pelo método de fricção da folha em meio de cultura semisseletivo, na ausência de sintomas, demonstrando a possibilidade de detecção da bactéria em plantas sadias. Dentre as variedades solicitadas pelos produtores para plantio em 2003/2004, não há nenhum material resistente, podendo, portanto, perdurar os focos de epidemias.Palavras-chave: mancha aureolada, epidemiologia, resistência genética, Coffea arabica. Occurrence of halo bright in coffee trees in Triângulo Mineiro and Alto Paranaíba Region's, BrazilAbstract Pseudomonas syringae pv. garcae causes the disease known as halo blight of the coffee tree. It can cause up to 70% losses in nurseries and fields established in regions under strong winds, mild temperatures, frequent and well distributed rains. The survey detected the frequent incidence of the halo blight with variable severity, alternating through the years in the mountainous areas of the "Triângulo Mineiro" and "Alto Paranaíba" with irregular topography and altitudes over the 1000 meters. It is a serious problem, which may limit the coffee cultivation due to threat of the disease. A clear zone with favorable conditions for occurrence of the halo blight was defined. It is composed by the counties of Serra do Salitre, Carmo do Paranaíba, Rio Paranaíba, São Gotardo and Tiros. The bacteria P. s. pv. garcae and P. cichorii were recovered from healthy leaves of coffee trees, in both seedlings and mature trees. The recovery was conducted using the friction of the leaves in selective culture media in the absence of symptoms, demonstrating the possibility of detecting the pathogen in healthy plants. Among the varieties requested by the producers to be used in 2003/2004, there are no available resistant varieties, which is unfavorable for disease management.

IPR 102 - Dwarf Arabica coffee cultivar with resistance to bacterial halo blight

“…garcae (Amaral et al 1956), which occurs more frequently in crops installed in high altitude regions, with mild temperatures, high rainfall, and which are exposed to strong and or constant winds, and occasional frost (Zoccoli et al 2011). The disease occurs in the main production regions of Brazil, such as Minas Gerais, São Paulo and Paraná (Mohan 1978, Petek et al 2006, Ito et al 2008, Zoccoli et al 2011) and in other countries such as Kenya (Ithiru et al 2013). …”

Bacterial halo blight of coffee crop: aggressiveness and genetic diversity of strains

“…Bacterial halo blight, caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. garcae, is an important disease of coffee in Brazil and outbreaks of this disease have occurred in this country in recent years (Rodrigues et al 2013;Zoccoli et al 2011).…”

“…Bacterial halo blight has spread across the country and the pathogen has been detected in the States of Paraná, São Paulo and Minas Gerais (Malavolta Junior et al 2008). Recently, damages caused by the disease were reported in some regions of the State of São Paulo as well as in regions with irregular topography and high altitudes in the State of Minas Gerais, such as Alto Paranaíba, Triângulo Mineiro and Sul de Minas (Zoccoli et al 2011;Rodrigues et al 2013).…”

First report of mixed infection by Pseudomonas syringae pathovars garcae and tabaci on coffee plantations

“…garcae (Amaral, Teixeira and Pinheiro 1956), is also important to the culture and is widespread in the states of São Paulo (Amaral et al 1956), Paraná (Mohan et al 1978) and Minas Gerais (Kimura et al 1973;Zoccoli et al 2011), causing serious damage to coffee plantations, mainly those located in mild climates and those subjected to long periods of high relative humidity (Sera 2001;Almeida et al 2012).…”