On the dependence of the OH&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;*&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; Meinel emission altitude on vibrational  level: SCIAMACHY observations and model simulations

Savigny, Christian von; McDade, I. C.; Eichmann, K. ­U.; Burrows, J. P.

doi:10.5194/acp-12-8813-2012

Cited by 73 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Interestingly, the enhancement in the mesospheric temperatures as seen from NIRIS data described here was found to be occurring during a major SSW event (7-27 January 2013; Figure 2h) which occurs at polar latitudes. In this context it is relevant to note that OH band emissions from higher vibrational levels peak at higher altitudes [von Savigny et al, 2012]. Using Scanning Imaging Absorption spectrometer for Atmospheric Cartography, on Envisat data, it was shown that the OH (6-2) emission rate profile is typically vertically shifted upward by 1-2 km relative to the OH (3-1) band, and the OH (8-3) band is generally found to peak about 1 km higher than the OH (6-2) band [von Savigny et al, 2012].…”

Section: Figures 1c and 1d Show Nocturnalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this context it is relevant to note that OH band emissions from higher vibrational levels peak at higher altitudes [von Savigny et al, 2012]. Using Scanning Imaging Absorption spectrometer for Atmospheric Cartography, on Envisat data, it was shown that the OH (6-2) emission rate profile is typically vertically shifted upward by 1-2 km relative to the OH (3-1) band, and the OH (8-3) band is generally found to peak about 1 km higher than the OH (6-2) band [von Savigny et al, 2012]. The O 2 (0-1) emission layer is considered to be located at 94 km altitude [Murtagh et al, 1990], and the altitude of peak OH emission can be considered as 86.8 ± 2.6 km [Baker and Stair, 1988].…”

Section: Figures 1c and 1d Show Nocturnalmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the latitudinal distribution of mesospheric temperatures during sudden stratospheric warming events

Singh

Pallamraju

2015

JGR Space Physics

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Mesospheric rotational temperatures from O 2 (0-1) and OH(6-2) band nightglow emissions that originate from 94 and 87 km altitudes, respectively, were obtained from a low-latitude location, Mount Abu (24.6°N, 72.8°E), in India using a high spectral resolution grating spectrograph, which showed significant enhancements during the major sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) event of January 2013. To investigate the relationship of these enhancements in the context of SSW occurrences, a detailed study was carried out for 11 SSW events that occurred during 2004-2013 using SABER (Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry) data. In addition to SABER, Optical Spectrograph and Infrared Imaging System and Solar Occultation For Ice Experiment mesospheric temperatures were also used which showed similar latitudinal behavior as obtained by SABER. The longitudinal mean mesospheric temperatures at different latitudes of Northern and Southern Hemispheres have been derived. It is found that during SSW events the well-known mesospheric cooling over the Northern Hemispheric high latitudes turns to heating over midlatitudes and then reverts to cooling closer to equatorial regions. This trend continues into the Southern Hemisphere as well. These variations in the mesospheric temperatures at different latitudes have been characterized based on northern hemispheric stratospheric temperature enhancements at high latitudes during SSW periods. In comparison with the COSPAR International Reference Atmosphere-86-derived temperatures, the SABER temperatures show an increase/decrease in Southern/Northern Hemisphere. Such a characterization in mesospheric temperatures with respect to latitudes reveals a hitherto unknown intriguing nature of the latitudinal coupling in the mesosphere that gets set up during the SSW events.

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Section: Figures 1c and 1d Show Nocturnalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figures 1c and 1d Show Nocturnalmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the latitudinal distribution of mesospheric temperatures during sudden stratospheric warming events

Singh

Pallamraju

2015

JGR Space Physics

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“…1995a, 1995b, 1997), Yee et al (1997), She and Lowe (1998), Reisin (2000, 2010), Bittner et al (2000Bittner et al ( , 2002, Yamada et al (2001), Liu and Shepherd (2006), Reisin and Scheer (2004), Espy et al (2007, Mulligan et al (2009), Xu et al (2010, and von Savigny et al (2012Savigny et al ( , 2015. In an earlier paper, Yee et al (1997) stated that the quantitative comparison between theoretical and experimental brightness is rather poor.…”

Section: G R Sonnemann Et Al: Hydroxyl Layer 751mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydroxyl layer: trend of number density and intra-annual variability

et al. 2015

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Abstract. The layer of vibrationally excited hydroxyl (OH * ) near the mesopause in Earth's atmosphere is widely used to derive the temperature at this height and to observe dynamical processes such as gravity waves. The concentration of OH * is controlled by the product of atomic hydrogen, with ozone creating a layer of enhanced concentration in the mesopause region. However, the basic influences on the OH * layer are atomic oxygen and temperature. The long-term monitoring of this layer provides information on a changing atmosphere. It is important to know which proportion of a trend results from anthropogenic impacts on the atmosphere and which proportion reflects natural variations. In a previous paper (Grygalashvyly et al., 2014), the trend of the height of the layer and the trend in temperature were investigated particularly in midlatitudes on the basis of our coupled dynamic and chemical transport model LIMA (Leibniz Institute Middle Atmosphere). In this paper we consider the trend for the number density between the years 1961 and 2009 and analyze the reason of the trends on a global scale. Further, we consider intra-annual variations. Temperature and wind have the strongest impacts on the trend. Surprisingly, the increase in greenhouse gases (GHGs) has no clear influence on the chemistry of OH * . The main reason for this lies in the fact that, in the production term of OH * , if atomic hydrogen increases due to increasing humidity of the middle atmosphere by methane oxidation, ozone decreases. The maximum of the OH * layer is found in the mesopause region and is very variable. The mesopause region is a very intricate domain marked by changeable dynamics and strong gradients of all chemically active minor constituents determining the OH * chemistry. The OH * concentration responds, in part, very sensitively to small changes in these parameters.The cause for this behavior is given by nonlinear reactions of the photochemical system being a nonlinear enforced chemical oscillator driven by the diurnal-periodic solar insolation. At the height of the OH * layer the system operates in the vicinity of chemical resonance. The solar cycle is mirrored in the data, but the long-term behavior due to the trend in the Lyman-α radiation is very small. The number density shows distinct hemispheric differences. The calculated OH * values show sometimes a step around a certain year. We introduce a method to find out the date of this step and discuss a possible reason for such behavior.

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“…With a steady-state OH model driven using a neutral atmosphere from the Naval Research Laboratory Mass Spectrometer and Incoherent Scatter Radar Empirical model (NRLMSISE) (Picone et al, 2002), the altitude of the (9,7) transition was fixed. The relative altitudes of the other vibrational transitions were then assigned using an altitude separation of 0.5 km, the average separation found by von Savigny et al (2012). The rotational temperatures derived from each of the individual vibrational bands then provide an estimate of temperature gradients present similar to what has been done by Perminov et al (2007) and Schubert et al (1990).…”

Section: Temperature Gradientmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The peak concentrations of the neighbouring vibrational levels are, on average, separated in altitude by 0.5 km (von Savigny et al, 2012). Even though the absolute peak altitudes are known to vary with season (Gao et al, 2010), they can be taken as constant on the timescales of a few minutes over which this experiment was executed.…”

Section: Temperature Gradientmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing hydroxyl airglow retrievals from long-slit astronomical spectroscopic observations

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Astronomical spectroscopic observations from ground-based telescopes contain background emission lines from the terrestrial atmosphere's airglow. In the near infrared, this background is composed mainly of emission from Meinel bands of hydroxyl (OH), which is produced in highly excited vibrational states by reduction of ozone near 90 km. This emission contains a wealth of information on the chemical and dynamical state of the Earth's atmosphere. However, observation strategies and data reduction processes are usually optimized to minimize the influence of these features on the astronomical spectrum. Here we discuss a measurement technique to optimize the extraction of the OH airglow signal itself from routine J-, H-, and K-band long-slit astronomical spectroscopic observations. As an example, we use data recorded from a point-source observation by the Nordic Optical Telescope's intermediate-resolution spectrograph, which has a spatial resolution of approximately 100 m at the airglow layer. Emission spectra from the OH vibrational manifold from v = 9 down to v = 3, with signal-to-noise ratios up to 280, have been extracted from 10.8 s integrations. Rotational temperatures representative of the background atmospheric temperature near 90 km, the mesosphere and lower thermosphere region, can be fitted to the OH rotational lines with an accuracy of around 0.7 K. Using this measurement and analysis technique, we derive a rotational temperature distribution with v that agrees with atmospheric model conditions and the preponderance of previous work. We discuss the derived rotational temperatures from the different vibrational bands and highlight the potential for both the archived and future observations, which are at unprecedented spatial and temporal resolutions, to contribute toward the resolution of long-standing problems in atmospheric physics.

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On the dependence of the OH<sup>*</sup> Meinel emission altitude on vibrational level: SCIAMACHY observations and model simulations

Cited by 73 publications

References 48 publications

On the latitudinal distribution of mesospheric temperatures during sudden stratospheric warming events

On the latitudinal distribution of mesospheric temperatures during sudden stratospheric warming events

Hydroxyl layer: trend of number density and intra-annual variability

Optimizing hydroxyl airglow retrievals from long-slit astronomical spectroscopic observations

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