On the Study of Personality Factors in Research on Driving Behavior

Abstract

The involvement of personality factors in traffic accidents is supported by findings from psychiatric studies which focus on psychopathology, psychopathy, stress, alcoholism, and accident-proneness and from other studies which make use of psychological testing devices to measure components of personality. Further progress in clarifying the relationship between personality and traffic accidents may be achieved through the use of more appropriate validation criteria and more inclusive stylistic conceptions of personality.

The Five‐Factor Model, Conscientiousness, and Driving Accident Involvement

“…Although previous accident research has suggested that locus of control should predict driving accident involvement (Clement & Jonah, 1984;Guastello & Guastello, 1986;Montag & Comrey, 1987), the empirical findings have been mixed Arthur & Doverspike, 1992;ICnapper & Cropley, 1981;Little, 1970;Panek, Wagner, Barrett, & Alexander, 1978;Shaw & Sichel, 1971;Signori & Brown, 1974). However, Montag and Comrey (1987) point out that attempts to relate internality-externality to other criteria have been more successful when locus of control measures have been tailored specifically to the targeted behavior, rather than using more general measures of this construct such as Rotter's omnibus Internality-Extemality scale (Lefcourt, 1981;Rotter, 1966).…”

Comportamiento de riesgo, rasgos de personalidad y accidentes de carretera en estudiantes universitarios.

“…The role of personality in risk research remains unclear despite a plethora of related research (Iversen & Rundmo, 2002). Although a great deal of research has considered the problem of traffic psychology (Arthur, Barrett & Alexander, 1991;Elander, West & French, 1993;Evans, 1991;Golding, 1983;Hansen, 1988;Hilakivi, Veilahti, Asplund, Sinivuo, Lattinen & Koskenuvo, 1989;Lester, 1991;McGuire, 1976, Peck, 1993Signori & Bowman, 1974), the contribution of psychology to the traffic policies has been repeatedly neglected in some European countries such as Portugal (Santos, Correia, Gomes, Caldeira & Cunha, 1995). According to Manstead (1993), in the analysis of rule infringement, socio-cognitive variables such as attention (Theeuwes, 1993), perception (Manstead, 1993;Owsley, Ball, Sloane, Roenker & Bruni, 1991) and judgment processes (Cavallo & Laurent, 1988) should be considered.…”

Effect of sucrose consumption on alcohol-induced impairment in male social drinkers

“…However, one consistent finding concerning the behavioral effects of alcohol is the very high level of inter-individual variability. Expectancy (Marlatt and Rohsenow 1980), personality variables (Smart and Schmidt 1970;Signori and Bowman 1974), drinking history (Moskowitz et al 1974; Offprint requests to: S.N. Young Nathan 1980; , self-directed attention (Ross and Pihl 1988) and other personality factors have all been examined as possibly contributing to this variability.…”