Optical tools for ocean monitoring and research

Moore, C.; Barnard, Andrew H.; Fietzek, Peer; Lewis, Marlon R.; Sosik, Heidi M.; White, Sheri N.; Zielinski, Oliver

doi:10.5194/os-5-661-2009

Cited by 103 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 186 publications

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“…This technique records, over a defined wavelength range, the three-dimensional fluorescent spectra of FDOM compounds (Moore et al, 2009;Baszanowska et al, 2013;Watson and Zielinski, 2013). According to the location of specific peaks in excitation-emission matrices (EEMs), the main composition, source and transformations of DOM in the samples are possible to describe (Coble, 1996).…”

Section: Research Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of solar radiation on biogeochemical parameters and fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM) in the sea surface microlayer of the southern coastal North Sea

Miranda

Mustaffa²,

Robinson³

et al. 2018

Elem Sci Anth

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Miranda, ML, 2018 Influence of solar radiation on biogeochemical parameters and fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM) in the sea surface microlayer of the southern coastal North Sea. Elem Sci Anth, 6: 15. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.278 IntroductionThe sea surface microlayer (SML), defined here as the upper 50-100 µm of the water column, is an important habitat of the ocean where air-sea exchange and transformation processes take place (Wurl et al., 2016). Compounds from natural and anthropogenic sources accumulate within the SML enhancing their concentrations in comparison with the water column. The relative abundance of organic matter within the SML provides a diverse range of substrates for the growth of surface-dwelling heterotrophic microorganisms (Reinthaler et al., 2008).Among the sources of organic substrates in the SML is the dissolved organic matter (DOM; (Cunliffe et al., 2013). DOM is a large mix of organic compounds, mainly the products of biodegradation processes, and is comprised of carbohydrates, proteins, lignin, organic acids, and humic substances (Zhi et al., 2015). Two optically active components of DOM are known: the colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) and the fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM). CDOM includes materials that are capable of absorbing light, while FDOM refers to the mix of compounds that can absorb light, emitting fluorescence at certain wavelengths according to the presence of diverse chemical functional groups (Coble, 1996;Stedmon and Nelson, 2015). The SML is a highly dynamic and complex habitat in which several processes transform the DOM. These transformations are triggered by the environmental factors of wind, solar radiation, and light availability, as well as by microbial activity (Cunliffe et al., 2013).Light availability in the water column is controlled by two physical processes, absorption and scattering (Kirk, We investigated the influence of solar radiation on biogeochemical parameters of the sea surface microlayer (SML), including the spectroscopic composition of FDOM, and biotic and abiotic parameters. We calculated the humification index, biological index, and recently produced material index from the ultraviolet spectra to characterize the dynamic environment of the SML. The humification index ranged from 4 to 14 in the SML and 14 to 22 in underlying water (ULW). An inverse relation for this index as a function of solar radiation was observed, indicating photochemical decomposition of complex molecules present in fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM). The biological index (along Leg 2) ranged from 1.0 to 2.0 for the SML and 1.0 to 1.5 for ULW. The index for recently produced material ranged from 0.25 to 0.8 for the SML and 0.5 to 1.0 for ULW. The FDOM enrichment process of the SML was influenced by the photochemical decomposition of highly aromatic-like fluorophores, as indicated by the calculated indices. Fluorescence intensity increased for humic C peaks (>0.5 Raman units) in the North Sea samples and for humic M peaks (>1....

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Section: Research Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of solar radiation on biogeochemical parameters and fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM) in the sea surface microlayer of the southern coastal North Sea

Miranda

Mustaffa²,

Robinson³

et al. 2018

Elem Sci Anth

Self Cite

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“…The colour of the ocean is related to its optically active constituents and can be assessed with radiometric measurements within the water column and from above the water surface (Moore et al, 2009;Garaba and Zielinski, 2013a). The latter includes satellite and airborne platforms as well as measurement poles or vessels .…”

Section: Radiometric Ocean Colour Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Coastal Observing System for Northern and Arctic Seas (COSYNA)

et al. 2017

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Abstract. The Coastal Observing System for Northern and Arctic Seas (COSYNA) was established in order to better understand the complex interdisciplinary processes of northern seas and the Arctic coasts in a changing environment. Particular focus is given to the German Bight in the North Sea as a prime example of a heavily used coastal area, and Svalbard as an example of an Arctic coast that is under strong pressure due to global change.The COSYNA automated observing and modelling system is designed to monitor real-time conditions and provide short-term forecasts, data, and data products to help assess the impact of anthropogenically induced change. Observations are carried out by combining satellite and radar remote sensing with various in situ platforms. Novel sensors, instruments, and algorithms are developed to further improve the understanding of the interdisciplinary interactions between physics, biogeochemistry, and the ecology of coastal seas. New modelling and data assimilation techniques are used to integrate observations and models in a quasi-operational system providing descriptions and forecasts of key hydrographic variables.

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“…The need to follow national goals (as the Swedish Environmental objectives) as well as international directives such as the EU water framework directive as well as the HELCOM Baltic Sea Action Plan has lately increased the need of monitoring data. Traditionally, monitoring has been achieved through conventional in situ measurements (Moore et al 2009). During the past three decades (McKinna 2015), the use of other methods, such as satellites, mostly used in open sea areas, has increased also in coastal areas as the methods to account for optical parameters, such as chl-a, SPM and coloured dissolved organic matter (CDOM) have largely been improved (IOCCG 2000;Gohin et al 2008;Blondeau-Patissier et al 2014a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%