Optimisation of hand sanitiser gel formula of Tekelan leaves extract (Chromolaena odorata) using simplex lattice design method

Abstract

Background: Tekelan leaves (Chromolaena odorata) has been commonly used traditionally as a medicine. It is known that Tekelan leaves have bioactivity as an antibacterial. These leaves have antibacterial activity for both gram-positive and negative bacteria so that it can be made for semi-solid preparation namely hand sanitiser gel (HSG). This study aims to determine the optimum concentration of HSG base with TLE and determine the physical characteristics of the optimum formula.Methods: Sample extraction was done by maceration method with 96% of ethanol (1:10). Dechlorophyllation with n-hexane also used to separate the chlorophyll and to get a better colour of extract while it formulated in gel form. Optimisation of the gel is conducted with the simplex lattice design (SLD) method. SLD method is available in Design-Expert software. The method was designed to optimise the formula with different concentration of different component (Gliserin, TEA, and Carbopol) so it can produce the optimum formula. The evaluation of HSG involves spreadability test, sticky power and pH test. Furthermore, the acceptability evaluation was done by 20 respondents.Results: The optimum gel base formula is consists of 1.860% glycerin, 2.901% TEA, and 0.739% carbopol with spreadability 3.673 cm, sticky power 1.181 s, and pH 7.187. The acceptability of the C. odorata HSG also compared with one of the commercial HSG. The percentage of acceptability of C. odorata HSG is 75.25% and 80.25% for the commercial HSG.Conclusion: HSG preparations of TLE which are formulated using optimum base formula have good physical properties.

Development and Characterization of a Hand Rub Gel Produced with Artisan Alcohol (Puntas), Silver Nanoparticles, and Saponins from Quinoa

“…Both properties showed significant differences (p < 0.05); the hardest gel was the control gel, and the gel produced with 40 mL of saponins and silver nanoparticles (GAA8) was the softest. A clear trend is not observed in all samples regarding the incorporation of saponins and silver particles; however, in the group of gels developed with artisan alcohol, it is observed that when the silver nanoparticles are included, and the concentration of saponins increases, the gel tends to be soft, similar to results reported by Martyasari et al [61] in gels with Tekelan leaves extract. Although the results show a difference, it can be noted that the difference in hardness ranges around ~15% between the gels.…”

Expansion of Hand Hygiene Compliance and Decreasing Counterfeiting of Sanitation Products in the Era of the COVID-19 through Diversification and Standardization of Alcohol-Based Gel and Wipes Hand Sanitizer

“…The higher ability of hand sanitizer products to stick to the skin surface allows the active substance to provide a longer-lasting biological effect. The adhesion is directly proportional to the viscosity of the hand sanitizer product [43], [44]. The higher the viscosity of the hand sanitizer, the higher the adhesion.…”

Application of Simplex Lattice Design Method on The Optimisation of Deodorant Roll-on Formula of Ashitaba (Angelica keiskei)

“…Kuncahyo (2011) menyimpulkan bahwa optimasi carbopol dan HPMC pada formulasi gel ekstrak daun jambu mete (Anacardium occidentale) menggunakan metode simplex lattice design dapat diterima, ditunjukkan dengan perbedaan yang tidak signifikan antara hasil optimasi dengan hasil percobaan. Penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Martyasari et al (2019) menunjukkan hasil formula optimum gel hand sanitizer daun tekelan menggunakan metode simplex lattice design yang memenuhi sifat fisik yang baik. Optimasi formula gel antioksidan buah bligo (Benincasa hispida) menggunakan metode simplex lattice design menghasilkan formula optimum yang memenuhi syarat sifat fisik yang baik dengan nilai desirability 1 (Suryani et al, 2017).…”