A method to measure the impedance Z(f) of a chip/package/board power supply system using pseudo-impulse current is described. This method can be easily applied to the digital systems with synchronous clocking systems. A PowerPC based microprocessor power supply system is used as an example to show the effectiveness of the method.
I. IntroductionThe power supply noise mitigation in microprocessor systems is an increasingly difficult problem as the device circuitry becomes denser and faster, the power supply voltage keeps decreasing and the power demand keeps increasing. The power delivery system (PDS) of a microprocessor consists of the circuits and decoupling capacitance in the chip, the package and the board. The impedance of a modern microprocessor PDS is usually a few milliohms in a wide frequency range (from kilo-Hz to Giga-Hz) and it's the major indicator of the power supply performance. Target impedance is often used to determine whether a PDS design passes or fails. Knowing the PDS impedance becomes a necessity to finalize a PDS design as well as to guarantee the chip performance.