Oral Health Status and Treatment Needs among Intellectually Disabled in Madurai

Abstract

The aim of the study was to assess the oral health status and treatment needs among intellectually disabled (ID) people in Madurai city. Objectives: To evaluate the oral health status and treatment needs among ID people in Madurai city. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 133 ID people obtaining training at special schools in Madurai. After obtaining the parental consent of the participants, oral health was assessed using World Health Organization (WHO) proforma 1997 and oral hygiene level was assessed using Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S). Statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, version 22.0 for Windows). Results: The result of the present study shows higher prevalence of oral problems in mentally retarded subjects with 31.6% periodontal disease, 49.6% dental caries, and 39.1% poor oral hygiene status, among the study participants. Conclusion: This study gives sufficient evidence to suggest that the oral health status of this disabled population was poor, and there was an increased unmet dental treatment needs.

The Oral Health Inequities between Special Needs Children and Normal Children in Asia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…Two reviewers (co-first authors) appraised inclusion studies with the Joanna Briggs Institute 2017 critical appraisal checklist for analytical cross-sectional studies (Table S3) (Supplementary Materials). The following eight criteria were used: (1) the criteria for inclusion in the sample were clearly defined; (2) the study subjects and the setting were described in detail; (3) the exposure was measured in a valid and reliable way; (4) objective, standard criteria were used to measure the condition; (5) confounding factors were identified; (6) strategies to deal with confounding factors were stated; (7) the outcomes were measured in a valid and reliable way; and (8) appropriate statistical analysis was used. The risk of bias of articles was appraised using the ROBINS-E tool (University of Bristol, Bristol, UK) (Table S4) (Supplementary Materials).…”

“…Special needs children are individuals under the age of 18 who have either physical or cognitive disabilities, including intellectual disability (ID), Down Syndrome (DS), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), cerebral palsy (CP), epilepsy (EP), and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) [ 1 ]. They have oral health problems similar to those of normal children, such as dental caries, poor oral hygiene, periodontal disease, and malocclusion [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ].…”

Oral Health Status of Special Children in Tribal Population of Southern India

“…According to the World Health Organization (WHO) estimates, individuals with disabilities comprise 10% of the population in developed countries and 12% in developing countries [1] .…”

The Correlation between Caries and Quality of Life of Mentally Disabled Learners

“…A person who has mental mentally disabled is 4.38, which categorized as bad (Peter et al, 2017). Research in Madurai, India showed that of 133 respondents who were mentally disabled, 31.6% experience periodontal disease, 49.6% experience dental caries, 39.1% having poor dental and oral hygiene (Dheepthasri et al, 2018). Azzahra et al (2014) research at SDLB C Dharma Wanita Persatuan in South Borneo showed that oral hygiene index of mentally disabled at range 8 -15 years old were good (29,1%), medium (66,7%), and bad (4,2%) (Azzahra et al, 2014).…”