Organophosphorus flame retardants in the European eel in Flanders, Belgium: Occurrence, fate and human health risk

Malarvannan, Govindan; Belpaire, Claude; Geeraerts, Caroline; Eulaers, Igor; Neels, Hugo; Covaci, Adrian

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2015.05.021

Cited by 74 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Differences in feeding behavior and metabolic efficiency between different individuals or species may greatly impact the accumulative potential of OPFRs (Bestvater, 2014;Wang et al, 2015a), but the mechanisms underlying this difference remain unknown. However, what is clear is that many OPFRs (e.g., TCIPP, TPHP, TBOEP, TBP, EHDPHP, TCP, TDCIPP and TEHP) have limited affinity for lipid content in fishes, suggesting that the accumulation of OPFRs is not basically associated with lipids (Brandsma et al, 2015;Chen et al, 2012;Kim et al, 2011;Malarvannan et al, 2015;Sundkvist et al, 2010).…”

Section: Bioaccumulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In an investigation of the distribution of OPFRs in fish, researchers found that OPFRs were primarily absorbed from water through the gills and epithelial tissue rather than through food web biomagnification (Malarvannan et al, 2015;Sundkvist et al, 2010). Kim et al (2011) also indicated that the gill contributed greatly uptake of OPFRs from water for fish.…”

Section: Absorption Routes In Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review of OPFRs in animals and humans: Absorption, bioaccumulation, metabolism, and internal exposure research

2016

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h i g h l i g h t sThe absorption, bioaccumulation, metabolism and internal exposure of OPFRs are reviewed. Inhalation, ingestion and dermal contact are the main OPFRs absorptionpathways for humans. General in vivo and in vitro metabolic pathways of three different types of OPFRs are proposed. DAPs and MAPs are considered as putative biomarkers for the assessment of internal exposure of OPFRs in humans. a r t i c l e i n f o t r a c tDue to their widespread use, organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) are commonly detected in various environmental matrices and have been identified as emerging contaminants. Considering the adverse effects of OPFRs, many researchers have paid their attention on the absorption, bioaccumulation, metabolism and internal exposure processes of OPFRs in animals and humans. In this article, we first review the diverse absorption routes of OPFRs by animals and humans (e.g., inhalation, ingestion, dermal absorption and gill absorption). Bioaccumulation and biomagnification potentials of OPFRs in different types of organisms and food webs are also summarized, based on quite limited available data and results. For metabolism, we review the Phase-I and Phase-II metabolic processes for each type of OPFRs (chlorinated OPFRs, alkyl-OPFRs and aryl-OPFRs) in the animals and humans, as well as toxicokinetic information and putative exposure biomarkers on OPFRs. Finally, we highlight gaps in our knowledge and critical directions for future internal exposure studies of OPFRs in animals and humans.

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Section: Bioaccumulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Absorption Routes In Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of OPFRs in animals and humans: Absorption, bioaccumulation, metabolism, and internal exposure research

2016

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“…These studies about PFRs in eggs showed similar range of PFR levels with our results. Moreover, Malarvannan et al (2015) reported a median of 8.4 ng/g ww (range 3.4e44 ng/g ww) of total PFR levels in eel muscle from catchments in Belgium. In Western Scheldt catchment (Netherlands and Belgium), the median levels of total PFRs in different aquatic species ranged from 3 to 22 ng/g ww (Brandsma et al, 2015).…”

Section: Levels Of Target Frs In Home-produced Eggsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tri-ethylhexyl phosphate (TEHP) (6 ng/g ww) and 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate (EHDPHP) (3.5 ng/g ww) were reported as main PFRs in fish from Philippines (Kim et al, 2011a, b). PFR values in fish tissues from the Dutch North Sea were not correlated with lipid percentage (Brandsma et al, 2015), suggesting that PFRs do not follow the same distribution as lipids like other PBDEs (Brandsma et al, 2015;Malarvannan et al, 2015). Based on the limited studies on PFRs in creatures, the bioaccumulation of PFRs seemed to be different from PBDEs (Brandsma et al, 2015;Kim et al, 2011a, b;Malarvannan et al, 2015;Sundkvist et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PFR values in fish tissues from the Dutch North Sea were not correlated with lipid percentage (Brandsma et al, 2015), suggesting that PFRs do not follow the same distribution as lipids like other PBDEs (Brandsma et al, 2015;Malarvannan et al, 2015). Based on the limited studies on PFRs in creatures, the bioaccumulation of PFRs seemed to be different from PBDEs (Brandsma et al, 2015;Kim et al, 2011a, b;Malarvannan et al, 2015;Sundkvist et al, 2010). EH-TBB and BEH-TEBP might undergo hydrolysis in gastrointestinal tract, with 70% degradation of BEH-TEBP being reported in a gastrointestinal absorption model (Fang and Stapleton, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phosphate flame retardants and novel brominated flame retardants in home-produced eggs from an e-waste recycling region in China

Zheng

Luo

et al. 2016

Chemosphere

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h i g h l i g h t sEH-TBB, BEH-TEBP and PFRs were measured in free-range chicken eggs. Chlorinated PFRs had higher detection frequencies than non-chlorinated PFRs in eggs. TPHP had a higher detection frequency in albumen; BEH-TEBP was higher in yolks. Dust ingestion is a more important pathway than egg intake in human exposure to PFRs. a r t i c l e i n f o b s t r a c tPhosphate flame retardants (PFRs) and novel brominated flame retardants (NBFRs) (2-ethylhexyl-2,3,4,5-tetrabromo-benzoate (EH-TBB) and bis-(2-ethylhexyl)-3,4,5,6-tetrabromo-phthalate (BEH-TEBP)) were measured in free-range chicken eggs from three e-waste recycling sites and a negative control site located in Guangdong province, Southern China. BEH-TEBP, tris-(chloroethyl)-phosphate (TCEP), tris-(chloropropyl)-phosphate ( P TCPP, two isomers) and tris-(1,3-dichloroisopropyl)-phosphate (TDCIPP) were detected in more than 50% of eggs samples with low concentrations. The median values of BEH-TEBP and total PFRs were 0.17e0.46 ng/g ww (wet weight) and 1.62e2.59 ng/g ww in eggs from the e-waste sites, respectively. The results indicate that EH-TBB, BEH-TEBP and PFRs are less persistent and bioaccumulative than polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in chicken eggs, and possibly also in other bio-matrices. Triphenyl phosphate (TPHP) were identified in albumen with higher frequencies, but at similar concentrations compared to yolk, while BEH-TEBP was mainly detected in yolk. The estimated daily intake (EDI) of BEH-TEBP and total PFRs from consumption of chicken eggs ranged from 0.03 to 0.09 and 0.32e0.52 ng/kg bw/day for adults, and 0.20e0.54 and 1.89e3.02 ng/kg bw/day for children in ewaste sites, respectively. Indoor dust ingestion seems to be a more important pathway for the intake of these FRs, while egg consumption is probably a more important exposure pathway for PBDEs.

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Impact of Textile Product Emissions: Toxicological Considerations in Assessing Indoor Air Quality and Human Health

Bhat

Eraslan

Gedik

et al. 2021

Ecological and Health Effects of Building Materials

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Organophosphorus flame retardants in the European eel in Flanders, Belgium: Occurrence, fate and human health risk

Cited by 74 publications

References 42 publications

Review of OPFRs in animals and humans: Absorption, bioaccumulation, metabolism, and internal exposure research

Review of OPFRs in animals and humans: Absorption, bioaccumulation, metabolism, and internal exposure research

Phosphate flame retardants and novel brominated flame retardants in home-produced eggs from an e-waste recycling region in China

Impact of Textile Product Emissions: Toxicological Considerations in Assessing Indoor Air Quality and Human Health

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