Osseointegration of layer-by-layer polyelectrolyte multilayers loaded with IGF1 and coated on titanium implant under osteoporotic condition

Abstract

Purpose Titanium implant is a widely used method for dental prosthesis restoration. Nevertheless, in patients with systemic diseases, including osteoporosis, diabetes, and cancer, the success rate of the implant is greatly reduced. This study investigates a new implant material loaded with insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), which could potentially improve the implant success rate, accelerate the occurrence of osseointegration, and provide a new strategy for implant treatment in osteoporotic patients. Materials and methods Biofunctionalized polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) with polyethylenimine as the excitation layer and gelatin/chitosan loaded with IGF1 were prepared on the surface of titanium implant by layer-by-layer self-assembly technique. The physical and chemical properties of the biofunctionalized PEMs, the biological characteristics of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs), and bone implant contact correlation test indexes were detected and analyzed in vitro and in vivo using osteoporosis rat model. Results PEMs coatings loaded with IGF1 (TNS-PEM-IGF1-100) implant promoted the early stage of BMMSCs adhesion. Under the action of body fluids, the active coating showed sustained release of growth factors, which in turn promoted the proliferation and differentiation of BMMSCs and the extracellular matrix. At 8 weeks from implant surgery, the new bone around the implants was examined using micro-CT and acid fuchsin/methylene blue staining. The new bone formation increased with time in each group, while the TNS-PEM-IGF1-100 group showed the highest thickness and continuity. Conclusion TNS-PEM-IGF1-100 new implants can promote osseointegration in osteoporotic conditions both in vivo and in vitro and provide a new strategy for implant repair in osteoporotic patients.

Layer‐by‐layer self‐assembly polyelectrolytes loaded with cyclic adenosine monophosphate enhances the osteo/odontogenic differentiation of stem cells from apical papilla

“…It was reported that the release of BMP‐2 loaded on a hydroxyapatite scaffold by LBL could last for a period of 4 weeks (Macdonald et al, 2011). The release of IGF‐1 from LBL polyelectrolyte multilayers coated on titanium implant peaked at 7 days and gradually decreased until 28 days (Xing et al, 2017). In this study, we first observed the persistency of cAMP on the surface of SCAPs, and the fluorescence intensity gradually decreased from day 1 to day 7.…”

Effects of locally applied Insulin-like Growth Factor-I on osseointegration

“…This is the first study which evaluates the influence of the local application of IGF-I on osseointegration in osteoporotic rabbits. In 2017, Xing and colleagues (39) published a study that evaluate the influence of IGF-I on titanium implants coated by layer-by-layer polyelectrolyte multilayers, under osteoporotic conditions. They concluded that the application of IGF-I could promote osseointegration in osteoporotic animals, since the local application of IGF-I seems to promote early adhesion of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells as well as their differentiation.…”

Review of craniofacial regeneration in China

“…IGF‐1 overexpression in aging BMSCs facilitated the formation of cell clusters in 3‐dimentional calcium‐alginate scaffold 59. Biomaterials loaded with IGF‐1 have been prepared to promote bone formation, for instance, polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) with polyethylenimine and gelatin/chitosan loaded with IGF‐1 were prepared on the surface of titanium implant, and the layer promoted the early stage of BMSCs adhesion, proliferation and differentiation in vitro and in vivo 60. IGF‐I is also regarded as one of the most critical growth factors in modulating chondrogenic differentiation of stem cells in vitro and chondrogenesis and homeostasis in vivo 4…”